The effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on executive function and prefrontal oxygenation in older adults
The effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on executive function and prefrontal oxygenation in older adults
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DOI：
10.1007/s11357-019-00128-5
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Neyedli, Heather F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mekari, Said;Dupuy, Olivier;Neyedli, Heather F.
关于老年人心血管健康和认知的综述表明，较高水平的心肺健康可能保护大脑免受衰老的影响。尽管研究揭示了心肺健康对执行功能有积极影响，但需要更多研究来阐明这些影响在老年人中的潜在机制。本研究的目的是评估老年人的心肺健康水平、大脑氧合作用和认知表现之间的关联。74名老年人（68 ± 6.3岁）签署了书面知情同意书参与研究。从66名参与者那里收集到了完整的数据。所有参与者都进行了自行车测力计最大连续分级运动测试，以评估他们的峰值功率输出（PPO），并进行了神经心理学的纸笔测试（连线测验A和B），同时用功能性近红外光谱仪（fNIRS）测量左侧前额叶皮质氧合作用的变化。结果显示，心肺健康水平的提高与连线测验（B）中的反应时间缩短（即表现更好）相关（标准化β = -0.42，p < 0.05）。健康水平较高的老年人的大脑氧合作用介导了与执行功能改善的关系（标准化β = -0.08，p < 0.05）。具体而言，在心肺健康水平较高的老年人中（基于中位数划分），大脑氧合作用与执行功能相关，但在健康水平较低的成年人中不存在这种关系。
Reviews on cardiovascular fitness and cognition in older adults suggest that a higher level of cardiorespiratory fitness may protect the brain against the effects of aging. Although studies reveal positive effects of cardiorespiratory fitness on executive function, more research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of these effects in older adults. The aim of the current study was to assess the association between cardiorespiratory fitness level, cerebral oxygenation, and cognitive performance in older adults (OAs). Seventy-four OAs (68 +/- 6.3 years) gave their written, informed consent to participate in the study. Complete data was collected from 66 participants. All participants underwent a cycle ergometer maximal continuous graded exercise test in order to assess their peak power output (PPO) and a neuropsychological paper and pencil tests (Trail Making Test A and B) while changes in left prefrontal cortex oxygenation were measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The results reveal increased cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with decreased response time (i.e., better performance) on the Trail Making Test (B) (standardized beta = - 0.42, p < 0.05). Cerebral oxygenation in higher fit older adults mediated the relationship with improved executive functioning (standardized beta = - 0.08, p < 0.05). Specifically, in older adults with higher cardiorespiratory fitness (based on a median split), cerebral oxygenation was related to executive functioning but no such relationship existed in lower fit adults.