The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation.
The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/6978936
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Rossetti C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Molteni M;Gemma S;Rossetti C
Toll样受体4（TLR4）属于模式识别受体（PRRs）家族。它们是高度保守的受体，识别保守的病原体相关分子模式（PAMP），因此代表了抵抗感染的第一道防线。TLR4长期以来被认为是革兰氏阴性脂多糖（LPS）的敏感受体。此外，它还结合由于组织损伤而产生的内源性分子。因此，TLR4代表感染性和非感染性刺激汇聚以诱导促炎反应的关键受体。由外源性或内源性配体触发的TLR4介导的炎症也涉及几种急性和慢性疾病，作为炎症反应的放大器具有关键作用。本文就TLR4激活在感染性和非感染性（如，无菌）炎症和TLR4信号传导在某些病理条件下的作用。
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). They are highly conserved receptors that recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), thus representing the first line of defense against infections. TLR4 has been long recognized as the sensing receptor for gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, it also binds endogenous molecules produced as a result of tissue injury. Hence, TLR4 represents a key receptor on which both infectious and noninfectious stimuli converge to induce a proinflammatory response. TLR4-mediated inflammation, triggered by exogenous or endogenous ligands, is also involved in several acute and chronic diseases, having a pivotal role as amplifier of the inflammatory response. This review focuses on the research progress about the role of TLR4 activation in infectious and noninfectious (e.g., sterile) inflammation and the effects of TLR4 signaling in some pathological conditions.