Development of sustained-release antibacterial urinary biomaterials through using an antimicrobial as an organic modifier in polyurethane nanocomposites.
Development of sustained-release antibacterial urinary biomaterials through using an antimicrobial as an organic modifier in polyurethane nanocomposites.
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DOI：
10.1002/jbm.b.32841
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发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Fong;L. Poole-Warren;A. Simmons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Fong;L. Poole-Warren;A. Simmons
导尿管是临床实践中最常用的医疗器械之一。然而，它们的使用与高院内感染率相关。本研究研究了聚氨酯纳米复合材料 (PUNC) 的使用，该复合材料包含抗菌剂二醋酸氯己定 (CHX)，作为纳米颗粒分散剂和模型药物/活性剂，作为泌尿装置中的缓释抗菌生物材料。使用溶液浇铸方法制造了一系列将有机改性硅酸盐 (OMS) 纳米颗粒与 CHX 结合在一起的 PUNC。还制备了将游离 CHX 添加到本体聚合物中的 PUNC。在体外尿路 (UT) 模型中评估材料的抗菌活性，并研究 CHX 的释放动力学。 PUNC 在 UT 模型中表现出对表皮葡萄球菌的持续抗菌活性，在含有 2 wt% 游离 CHX 负载的材料中达到约 50 天无感染。药物释放曲线表明，与微复合材料和未填充的聚氨酯相比，PUNC 的初始突释效应显着降低。通过掺入 OMS 实现了延长的药物释放，推测这是由于纳米包含物产生的屏障特性以及 PUNC 内 CHX 和 MMT 之间的强烈相互作用的结合。在长期泌尿应用中使用 PUNC 进行持续药物释放显示出解决导管相关医院感染的前景。
Urinary catheters are among the most frequently used medical devices in clinical practice. However, their use is associated with high rates of nosocomial infection. This study investigates the use of polyurethane nanocomposites (PUNCs) incorporating an antimicrobial agent, chlorhexidine diacetate (CHX), behaving as nanoparticle dispersant and model drug/active agent, as sustained-release antibacterial biomaterials in urinary devices. A range of PUNCs incorporating organically modified silicate (OMS) nanoparticles with CHX was fabricated using a solution-cast method. PUNCs with free CHX added into the bulk polymer were also made. Materials were assessed for antibacterial activity in an in vitro urinary tract (UT) model and release kinetics of CHX was studied. PUNCs demonstrated sustained antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis in the UT model, reaching ~50 days infection-free in materials with 2 wt % free CHX loading. Drug-release profiles demonstrated that, compared with microcomposite and unfilled polyurethane, the initial burst effect was significantly reduced in PUNCs. Prolonged drug release was achieved through incorporation of OMS, hypothesized to be due to a combination of barrier properties created by the nanoinclusions and strong interactions between CHX and MMT within the PUNCs. Use of PUNCs for sustained drug release in long-term urinary applications shows promise in addressing catheter-related nosocomial infections.