Seismically induced modification of lunar surface features
Seismically induced modification of lunar surface features
复制标题
地震引起的月球表面特征改变
DOI：
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Gault
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Schultz;D. Gault
大型冲击火山口和盆地的形成不仅产生了大量的喷射，还产生了灾难性的地震波。理论模型，陆地爆炸数据的外推以及月球冲击数据的外推表明，在四个火山口径的哥白尼大小撞击（4 x 10到30 power toth toth toth power eRGS）的表面位移1-10 m。撞击生成应力的独立估计表明，撞击的4个火山口半径内的区域将接收压力超过1 kbar的冲击波。随着深射线路径的弹性波变成表面附近的冲击波，更大的区域也可能会受到冲击效应。次级喷射的影响将产生额外的地震能。所得的大而持久的表面运动可能有助于在大型冲击坑周围的连续喷射毯子和次级火山口的柔和外观，并导致这些区域外的小陨石坑的降解。
The formation of large impact craters and basins produced not only large volumes of ejecta but also catastrophic seismic waves. Theoretical models, extrapolation of terrestrial explosion data, and extrapolation of lunar impact data suggest surface displacements of 1-10 m at four crater radii from a Copernicus-size impact (4 x 10 to the 30th power ergs). Independent estimates of impact-generated stresses indicate that regions within 4 crater radii of an impact will receive shock waves with pressures exceeding 1 kbar. Greater areas also may receive shock effects as elastic waves following deep ray paths transform into shock waves near the surface. Additional seismic energy will be generated by impacts from secondary ejecta. The resulting large and long-lasting surface movement may contribute to the subdued appearance of the continuous ejecta blanket and secondary craters around large impact craters and to the degradation of small craters outside these zones.