Long-term variation and regulation of internal phosphorus loading in Loch Leven
Long-term variation and regulation of internal phosphorus loading in Loch Leven
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DOI：
10.1007/s10750-011-0921-z
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
B. Spears;L. Carvalho;R. Perkins;A. Kirika;D. M. Paterson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Spears;L. Carvalho;R. Perkins;A. Kirika;D. M. Paterson
利用1968-2008年的长期监测数据，研究了苏格兰利文湖浅层磷负荷减少后的内部磷(P)负荷。全湖沉积物磷清查（2005年3厘米以上沉积物）表明，释放敏感沉积物磷库的释放潜力为29.7吨(t)。浅水沉积物（<4.5 m水深）中含18.5 t，光带以下深水沉积物（0.5 m水深）中含7.6 t。使用水柱P质量平衡法（1989-2008）估算的“观测”释放量(<5.1 t) <5.1 t，表明存在调节机制。除2003-2006年外，观察到的P释放量在1989 - 2008年间有所下降。观察到的磷释放估算值与1989年后的年平均水柱磷浓度呈正相关，突出了内部负荷在管理干预后维持较差水质条件中的作用。多元回归分析表明，春季波浪混合深度（正驱动）、夏季水温（正驱动）和泉水清澈度透明度（负驱动）分别驱动了内部负荷。讨论了生物和物理-化学反馈机制在调节利文湖底-上层耦合和水质中的潜在重要性。
Long-term monitoring data (1968–2008) were used to investigate internal phosphorus (P) loading following external P loading reduction in shallow Loch Leven, Scotland. A whole-lake sediment P inventory (upper 3 cm of sediment; 2005) suggested a release-potential of 29.7 tonnes (t) from the release sensitive sediment P pools. 18.5 t was contained within shallow water sediments (<4.5 m water depth) with 7.6 t in deeper water sediments below the photic zone (>5 m water depth). The “observed” release (<5.1 t), estimated using a water column P mass balance approach (1989–2008), was <5.1 t, indicating the presence of regulating mechanisms. Observed P release declined between 1989 and 2008, with the exception of 2003–2006. Observed P release estimates were positively correlated with annual average water column P concentration after 1989, highlighting the role of internal loading in maintaining poor water quality conditions after management intervention. Multiple regression analysis suggested that internal loading was driven by the wave mixed depth in spring (positive driver), summer water temperature (positive driver) and spring water clarity transparency (negative driver). The potential importance of biological and physico-chemical feedback mechanisms in the regulation of benthic–pelagic coupling and water quality in Loch Leven are discussed.