Associations of gender role attitudes with fertility intentions: A Japanese population-based study on single men and women of reproductive ages
Associations of gender role attitudes with fertility intentions: A Japanese population-based study on single men and women of reproductive ages
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DOI：
10.1016/j.srhc.2018.01.002
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kato, Tsuguhiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kato, Tsuguhiko
目标：日本已经经历了多年的低生育率。本研究以日本育龄单身男女为研究对象，探讨性别角色态度与生育意愿的关系。研究设计：利用《21世纪成人纵向调查》的数据，分析了年龄在20-34岁之间的单身、无子女的8944名男性和7924名女性。性别角色态度是通过参与者对男女之间劳动分工的偏好来评估的：收入、家务和照顾孩子。那些喜欢男人挣钱，女人做家务和照顾孩子的人被认为是传统的态度，而那些喜欢女人和男人分担这些责任的人被认为是平等主义的态度。主要结果衡量指标：结果是生育意愿，以生育意愿和理想子女数量来衡量。进行Logistic回归分析。结果：与传统观念相比，对收入和家务的平等主义态度与低生育意愿（更少想要孩子）有关：有收入的男性调整后的比值比为1.56[1.36,1.80]，女性调整后的比值比为1.47[1.26,1.72]。男性对分担育儿责任的偏好与高生育意愿有关。结论：日本社会并没有脱离传统的劳动分工，尽管女性劳动参与率有所提高。持平等主义态度的日本男性和女性的低生育意愿表明，为平衡工作和家庭提供制度支持可能是改善低生育率趋势所必需的。
Objectives: Japan has been experiencing low fertility for many years. In this study, I investigated the relationship between gender role attitudes and fertility intentions among Japanese single men and women of reproductive ages.Study design: Utilizing the Longitudinal Survey of Adults in the 21st Century data, 8944 men and 7924 women aged 20-34 years with single, childless status were analyzed. Gender role attitudes were assessed by participants' preferences for the division of labor between a man and a woman: income earning, housework, and childcare. Those who preferred men to earn income and women to perform housework and childcare were considered to have traditional attitudes, whereas those who preferred women and men to share these responsibilities were considered to have egalitarian attitudes.Main outcome measures:: Outcomes were fertility intentions measured by a desire to have children and ideal number of children. Logistic regression analyses were conducted.Results: Egalitarian attitudes about income earning and housework were associated with low fertility intentions (a lesser desire for children) compared to traditional attitudes: adjusted odds ratios were 1.56 [1.36, 1.80] for men and 1.47 [1.26, 1.72] for women with income earning. Men's preference for sharing childcare responsibility was associated with high fertility intentions.Conclusions: Japanese society has not shifted away from the traditional division of labor despite the increase in female labor force participation. Low fertility intentions among Japanese men and women with egalitarian attitudes suggest that institutional support for balancing work and family may be necessary to improve the low fertility trend.