Double jeopardy, aging as leveler, or persistent health inequality? A longitudinal analysis of White and Black Americans
Double jeopardy, aging as leveler, or persistent health inequality? A longitudinal analysis of White and Black Americans
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/geronb/51b.6.s319
复制
发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Farmer, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferraro, KF;Farmer, MM
一项为期 15 年的全国成年人调查的纵向数据被用来检验健康双重危险假说，以及老龄化水平种族差异和健康不平等在整个生命过程中持续存在的替代假说。调查结果显示，非裔美国人在开始研究时健康状况较差，死亡率较高。在研究的前 10 年里，在幸存者中，年轻和中年黑人成年人患上更严重的疾病，他们的主观健康状况比白人同行下降得更快。在患有心力衰竭的受试者中，随着时间的推移，黑人比白人更有可能变得更加残疾。根据所考虑的健康衡量标准和所应用的分析策略，所有三个过程都有证据，但证据的分量表明在生命历程中持续存在健康不平等。事实上，通过考虑研究期间的死亡率，年龄作为均衡论点的证据被消除了。
Longitudinal data from a 15-year national survey of adults are used to test the double jeopardy to health hypothesis as well as the alternative hypotheses that aging levels ethnic differences and that health inequalities persist across the life course. Findings show that African Americans began the study in poorer health and manifested higher mortality. Among survivors, young and middle-aged Black adults developed more serious illness and their subjective health declined more rapidly than their White counterparts during the first 10 years of the study. Among subjects with heart failure, Black people were also more likely than Whites to become more disabled over time. Depending upon the health measure considered and the analytic strategy applied, there was evidence for all three processes, but the weight of the evidence shows persistent health inequality over the life course. Indeed, evidence for the age-as-leveler thesis was eliminated by accounting for mortality during the study.