Genetically modified crops: success, safety assessment, and public concern
Genetically modified crops: success, safety assessment, and public concern
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DOI：
10.1007/s00253-006-0449-8
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发表时间：
2006-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
O. Singh;S. Ghai;D. Paul;R. Jain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Singh;S. Ghai;D. Paul;R. Jain
随着转基因技术的出现，人们发明了新的方法来改善用于食品、饲料和加工应用的作物的农艺性能。此外，使用转基因技术表达外来基因的能力为在植物中生产大量具有商业重要性的工业或医药产品开辟了选择。尽管有如此高的采用率和未来的承诺，但人们对转基因作物对环境的影响仍有许多担忧。环境和食物链的潜在污染促使人们详细考虑如何有效地分离和遏制这种作物及其生产的分子。创建转基因植物后的合理步骤之一是评估其对环境的潜在好处和风险，并将其与传统农业做法产生的风险进行比较。转基因植物风险管理中的预防方法可能使其有必要监测可能受到转基因逃逸影响的大量野生和杂草种群。有效的风险评估和监测机制是任何法律框架充分应对风险和警惕新风险的基本先决条件。不同国家的几个机构监测转基因生物的释放或制定在农产工业中适当应用重组生物的指导方针，以确保安全使用重组生物并实现健全的全面发展。我们认为，重要的是在几年内为安全处理重组DNA生物建立一个国际协调框架。
With the emergence of transgenic technologies, new ways to improve the agronomic performance of crops for food, feed, and processing applications have been devised. In addition, ability to express foreign genes using transgenic technologies has opened up options for producing large quantities of commercially important industrial or pharmaceutical products in plants. Despite this high adoption rate and future promises, there is a multitude of concerns about the impact of genetically modified (GM) crops on the environment. Potential contamination of the environment and food chains has prompted detailed consideration of how such crops and the molecules that they produce can be effectively isolated and contained. One of the reasonable steps after creating a transgenic plant is to evaluate its potential benefits and risks to the environment and these should be compared to those generated by traditional agricultural practices. The precautionary approach in risk management of GM plants may make it necessary to monitor significant wild and weed populations that might be affected by transgene escape. Effective risk assessment and monitoring mechanisms are the basic prerequisites of any legal framework to adequately address the risks and watch out for new risks. Several agencies in different countries monitor the release of GM organisms or frame guidelines for the appropriate application of recombinant organisms in agro-industries so as to assure the safe use of recombinant organisms and to achieve sound overall development. We feel that it is important to establish an internationally harmonized framework for the safe handling of recombinant DNA organisms within a few years.