Interactions of molten salts with cathode products in the FFC Cambridge Process
Interactions of molten salts with cathode products in the FFC Cambridge Process
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DOI：
10.1007/s12613-020-2202-1
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发表时间：
2020-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen GZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen GZ
熔盐在电解固体金属化合物（特别是氧化物和硫化物）以提取金属或合金中起着多种重要作用。这些作用中的一些在帮助提取金属方面是积极的，例如溶解氧化物或硫化物阴离子，并将它们输送到阳极进行放电，以及提供高温以降低动力学势垒以破坏金属-氧或金属-硫键。然而，熔融盐也具有不利的影响，包括电子传导性和溶解氧气和二氧化碳气体的显著能力。此外，尽管熔盐在组成、物理性质和在惰性电极处的分解反应方面相对简单，但与水性电解质相比，熔盐的高温可能促进不希望的电极-电解质相互作用。简要介绍了FFC剑桥工艺近20年来的研究进展，重点介绍了在不同还原状态下熔盐与阴极之间各种相互作用的观察、理解和解决方案，包括钙钛矿化、熔盐对纯金属的不润湿、产物的碳污染、氯氧化物和钙金属间化合物的形成，以及通过熔融盐中的氧阴离子介导的氧从空气转移到阴极产物。
Molten salts play multiple important roles in the electrolysis of solid metal compounds, particularly oxides and sulfides, for the extraction of metals or alloys. Some of these roles are positive in assisting the extraction of metals, such as dissolving the oxide or sulfide anions, and transporting them to the anode for discharging, and offering the high temperature to lower the kinetic barrier to break the metal-oxygen or metal-sulfur bond. However, molten salts also have unfavorable effects, including electronic conductivity and significant capability of dissolving oxygen and carbon dioxide gases. In addition, although molten salts are relatively simple in terms of composition, physical properties, and decomposition reactions at inert electrodes, in comparison with aqueous electrolytes, the high temperatures of molten salts may promote unwanted electrode-electrolyte interactions. This article reviews briefly and selectively the research and development of the Fray-Farthing-Chen (FFC) Cambridge Process in the past two decades, focusing on observations, understanding, and solutions of various interactions between molten salts and cathodes at different reduction states, including perovskitization, non-wetting of molten salts on pure metals, carbon contamination of products, formation of oxychlorides and calcium intermetallic compounds, and oxygen transfer from the air to the cathode product mediated by oxide anions in the molten salt.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11663-008-9219-6
发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Barnett, Roger;Kilby, Kamal Tripuraneni;Fray, Derek J.
通讯作者：
Fray, Derek J.
DOI：
10.1007/s11837-001-0143-3
发表时间：
2001-04-01
期刊：
JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Faller, K;Froes, FH
通讯作者：
Froes, FH
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Fray, DJ;Chen, GZ
通讯作者：
Chen, GZ
DOI：
10.1179/174328506x91365
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTIONS OF MINING AND METALLURGY SECTION C-MINERAL PROCESSING AND EXTRACTIVE METALLURGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen, G.;Fray, D.
通讯作者：
Fray, D.
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Gordo, E;Chen, GZ;Fray, DJ
通讯作者：
Fray, DJ