Genetic variation and potential for genetic improvement of cuticle deposition on chicken eggs
Genetic variation and potential for genetic improvement of cuticle deposition on chicken eggs
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DOI：
10.1186/s12711-019-0467-5
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发表时间：
2019-06-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Bain, Maureen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dunn, Ian C.;Woolliams, John A.;Bain, Maureen M.
背景角质层是一层看不见的糖基化蛋白质层，覆盖在蛋壳的外面，形成微生物传播的屏障。角质层特异性染色和原位吸光度测量已被用来量化角质层沉积在几个纯种鸡。对于棕色鸡蛋，需要进行染色前和染色后的吸光度测量，以校正天然色素的固有吸收。对于白色蛋，单独的染色后吸光度测量足以估计角质层沉积。这项研究的目的是估计遗传参数和提供数据，以促进通过的技术，以增加角质层沉积和减少垂直transmissionsofmicroorganis.ResultsFor所有纯品种在这里检查，即罗得岛红，两个白色来航，白色岩石和肉鸡品种，估计遗传力角质层沉积的荟萃分析是适度高（0.380.04）。在罗得岛红品种，估计的遗传相关性之间的测量记录在早期和晚期的时间在产卵期间为1。角质层沉积量与生产性状之间不存在负遗传相关。角质层沉积与壳色的遗传相关性的估计范围从负值或0在棕色鸡蛋层的正值在白色或着色鸡蛋层。利用角质层蛋白质中色氨酸的固有荧光来定量角质层沉积的量由于复杂的猝灭过程而失败。色氨酸荧光强度在330 nm是中度遗传，但没有证据表明非零遗传相关角质层沉积。这是复杂的，进一步的负遗传相关的荧光与颜色的棕色鸡蛋，由于色氨酸荧光的能量转移到原卟啉色素的淬灭。我们还证实，去除角质层增加反射的紫外线波长从egg.Conclusions p id=Par3这些结果提供了额外的证据，需要将角质层沉积到蛋和肉型鸟类的育种计划，以减少潜在的病原体的垂直和水平传播，并帮助提高家禽的生物安全性。
BackgroundThe cuticle is an invisible glycosylated protein layer that covers the outside of the eggshell and forms a barrier to the transmission of microorganisms. Cuticle-specific staining and in situ absorbance measurements have been used to quantify cuticle deposition in several pure breeds of chicken. For brown eggs, a pre-stain and a post-stain absorbance measurement is required to correct for intrinsic absorption by the natural pigment. For white eggs, a post-stain absorbance measurement alone is sufficient to estimate cuticle deposition. The objective of the research was to estimate genetic parameters and provide data to promote adoption of the technique to increase cuticle deposition and reduce vertical transmission of microorganisms.ResultsFor all pure breeds examined here, i.e. Rhode Island Red, two White Leghorns, White Rock and a broiler breed, the estimate of heritability for cuticle deposition from a meta-analysis was moderately high (0.380.04). In the Rhode Island Red breed, the estimate of the genetic correlation between measurements recorded at early and late times during the egg-laying period was1. There was no negative genetic correlation between cuticle deposition and production traits. Estimates of the genetic correlation of cuticle deposition with shell color ranged from negative values or 0 in brown-egg layers to positive values in white- or tinted-egg layers. Using the intrinsic fluorescence of tryptophan in the cuticle proteins to quantify the amount of cuticle deposition failed because of complex quenching processes. Tryptophan fluorescence intensity at 330nm was moderately heritable, but there was no evidence of a non-zero genetic correlation with cuticle deposition. This was complicated furthermore by a negative genetic correlation of fluorescence with color in brown eggs, due to the quenching of tryptophan fluorescence by energy transfer to protoporphyrin pigment. We also confirmed that removal of the cuticle increased reflection of ultraviolet wavelengths from the egg.Conclusions p id=Par3 These results provide additional evidence for the need to incorporate cuticle deposition into breeding programs of egg- and meat-type birds in order to reduce vertical and horizontal transmission of potentially pathogenic organisms and to help improve biosecurity in poultry.