INFLUENCE OF BETA-ALANINE ON MATING AND TERRITORIALISM IN DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
INFLUENCE OF BETA-ALANINE ON MATING AND TERRITORIALISM IN DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01067478
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发表时间：
1978-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
JACOBS, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
JACOBS, ME
β的影响-丙氨酸对D.黑腹果蝇使用以下竞争性对：纯合乌木（e/e），其中通过掺入β-葡聚糖酶而使表皮晒黑。与野生型（e+/e+）苍蝇相比，丙氨酸被阻断;黑蝇，其中β-与从相同种群收集的光蝇相比，丙氨酸掺入减少，这主要是由于染色体3;纯合黑（B/B）蝇，其中β-丙氨酸合成减少，与β-丙氨酸感染的B/B果蝇，其是野生型果蝇的表型模仿。混合性别群体的行为进行了研究，在一个大的，照明分级观察室含有食物和小均匀照明细胞也含有食物。这些类型的相对竞争交配能力进行了测量，在这两个实验条件。未注射的黑蝇，但没有注射的，表现出虚弱和不稳定的步态和弱翼伸展。在乌木中，这些异常更为极端。黑蝇没有表现出这些异常。加速性成熟表明，在男性的早期发病的求爱和增强的领土侵略和女性的早期交配。与光蝇相比，在乌木蝇和黑蝇中观察到这种加速，并且在β-注射丙氨酸的B/B果蝇与未注射的黑蝇竞争。乌木男性，虽然成熟早于野生型男性，交配成功率低于野生型男性。当果蝇在竞争前都被允许成熟时，这种差异就更大了。乌木女性outmated野生型女性。黑蝇的交配数量超过了亮蝇，并且β-注射丙氨酸的B/B雄性比未注射的黑人雄性交配更快，尤其是在明亮的光线下。乌木苍蝇交配时间比野生型苍蝇长得多，黑苍蝇交配时间略长于注射B/B苍蝇。乌木与野生型、深色与浅色以及β-乌木之间存在一定的空间隔离。在照明分级观察室中，未注射丙氨酸的B/B果蝇。乌木蝇比野生型更集中在食物附近。苍蝇被入口处的潮湿气流吸引。它们也被吸引到沉积的排泄物和男性捍卫这样的存款作为交配区，从而显示出初步的竞技场行为，其中交配区远离产卵地点进行辩护。然而，防御区通常集中在食物上。
Effects of .beta.-alanine on mating behavior and aggression were studied in D. melanogaster. The following competitive pairs were used: homozygous ebony (e/e), in which cuticular tanning by incorporation of .beta.-alanine is blocked vs. wild-type (e+/e+) flies; dark flies, in which .beta.-alanine incorporation is reduced, owing mainly to chromosome 3, vs. light flies collected from the same population; homozygous black (b/b) flies, in which .beta.-alanine synthesis is decreased, vs. .beta.-alanine-infected b/b flies, which are phenocopies of wild-type flies. The behavior of mixed-sex groups was studied in a large, illumination-graded observation chamber containing food and in small uniformly illuminated cells also containing food. The relative competitive mating abilities of these types were measured in both experimental conditions. Uninjected black flies, but not injected ones, showed weak and unsteady gait and weak wing extension. In ebony these abnormalities were more extreme. Dark flies did not show these abnormalities. Accelerated sexual maturation was indicated in males by early onset of courtship and enhanced territorial aggression and in females by earliness of mating. Such acceleration was observed in ebony and dark flies, compared with light flies, and among .beta.-alanine-injected b/b flies competing with uninjected black flies. Ebony males, although maturing earlier than wild-type males, were less successful than wild-type males in mating. This difference was even greater when the flies were all allowed to mature before competing. Ebony females outmated wild-type females. Dark flies outmated light flies, and .beta.-alanine-injected b/b males outmated uninjected black males, especially in bright light. Ebony flies mated much longer than wild-type flies, and black flies mated slightly longer than injected b/b flies. There was some spatial isolation of ebony from wild type, dark from light, and .beta.-alanine-injected from uninjected b/b flies in the illumination-graded observation chamber. Ebony flies more than wild type concentrated near food. Flies were attracted to the current of moist inlet air. They were also attracted to deposited excrement and males defended such deposits as a mating area, thus showing rudiments of arena behavior in which a mating area away from the oviposition site is defended. Usually, however, the defended area focused on food.