Seed Development in Self-pollination of 4X Hyuganatsu and Reciprocal Crosses between 2X and 4X Hyuganatsu, and Overcoming the Self-incompatibility of 2X Hyuganatsu Using Pollen of 4X Hyuganatsu
Seed Development in Self-pollination of 4X Hyuganatsu and Reciprocal Crosses between 2X and 4X Hyuganatsu, and Overcoming the Self-incompatibility of 2X Hyuganatsu Using Pollen of 4X Hyuganatsu
复制标题
4X Hyuganatsu自花授粉和2X与4X Hyuganatsu之间的互交的种子发育以及利用4X Hyuganatsu花粉克服2X Hyuganatsu自交不亲和性
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.59.23
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Naoshi Nakamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Yamashita;K. Oda;Naoshi Nakamura
本试验研究了4X Hyuganatsu和2X与4X Hyuganatsu的几个杂交组合自花授粉的种子发育。此外，以4X Hyuganatsu的花粉为先导花粉，研究了克服2X Hyuganatsu自交不亲和性的可能方法。研究结果总结如下：1.研究成果。扫描电子显微镜观察到，4X的花粉大小和形态不均匀。其试管发芽率比2X低5%。经等电聚焦电泳法分析，4X的花粉和雌蕊的糖蛋白谱带与2X有很大不同。在几乎所有的情况下，在用4X授粉的2X的果实和自花授粉的4X的果实中，都含有一个发育良好的种子和许多发育不完全的大种子，尽管两次授粉的坐果率略有不同。当4X用2X的花粉授粉时，只收获了一个果实，缺少发育良好的种子。自由授粉的4X树座果率很低。少数果实采收，每个果实含有3粒左右发育良好的种子。为了克服2X Hyuganatsu的自交不亲和性，尝试了三种授粉方法。对2X Hyuganatsu柱头分别在左右两侧授粉时，克服自交不亲和性效果最好。用4X授粉后1h用2X的花粉进行1小时延迟双授粉的效果次之。用这两种倍性的混合花粉授粉完全没有效果。
In the present experiment, seed development was investigated in self-pollination of 4X Hyuganatsu and several cross combinations between 2X and 4X Hyuganatsu. In addition, possible methods to overcome self-incompatibility of 2X Hyuganatsu were examined, using pollen of 4X Hyuganatsu as a mentor or pioneer pollen. The results are summarized as follows.1. Pollen of the 4X was not uniform in size and form as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Its in vitro germination was inferior to that of the 2X by 5%. The band patterns of glycoproteins from pollen and pistils of the 4X analyzed by isoelectric focusing electrophoresis were largely different from those of the 2X.2. In almost all cases one well-developed seed was contained together with many large imperfectly developed seeds in the fruit of the 2X pollinated with the 4X and in the fruit of the self-pollinated 4X, although the fruit set was somewhat different between two pollinations. When the 4X was pollinated with pollen of the 2X, only one fruit was harvested, lacking a well-developed seed. The fruit set of the open-pollinated 4X tree was very low. A few fruits were harvested, containing about 3 well-developed seeds per fruit.3. Three pollination methods were tried for overcoming the self-incompatibility of the 2X Hyuganatsu. When pollens of the 2X and 4X were pollinated on the left and right sides respectively, of stigmas of 2X Hyuganatsu (differential pollination), the most effective result was obtained on overcoming the self-incompatibility. One hour time-lag double pollination, where pollen of the 2X was used one hour after pollination by the 4X, showed the next best effectiveness. Pollination with mixed pollens of both ploidies was not effective at all.