Racial disparities and predictors of functioning in schizophrenia.
Racial disparities and predictors of functioning in schizophrenia.
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种族差异和精神分裂症功能的预测因素。
DOI：
10.1037/ort0000661
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Penn,DavidL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Merritt,CarringtonC;Halverson,TateF;Elliott,Tonya;Jarskog,LFredrik;Pedersen,CortA;Penn,DavidL
美国黑人被诊断患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的比率是白色人的两倍多，并且在诊断后经历了显著更差的结果。很少有研究探讨可能导致被诊断为精神分裂症的美国黑人功能结果更差的具体因素。了解种族差异出现的原因的一种方法是检查该人群中功能的既定预测因素：神经认知，社会认知和症状严重程度。本研究旨在通过以下方式拓宽有关这些领域种族差异的现有文献：（a）检查功能方面的种族差异以及这些既定的功能预测因素（即神经认知、社交和症状严重程度）;（b）（B）调查认知和症状领域是否可以类似地预测美国黑人和白色精神分裂症患者的功能。对66名参与者的基线神经认知、社会认知、症状严重程度和功能进行了评估。与白色参与者相比，黑人参与者表现出较低的神经认知评分和较高水平的紊乱症状。在功能或社会认知方面没有观察到种族差异。此外，种族没有缓和任何这些既定的预测因素和功能结果之间的关系。在很大程度上无显着差异，在已知的预测功能突出需要进一步探索领域，可能更相关的了解种族差异精神分裂症。考虑到精神分裂症谱系障碍的社会心理治疗通常侧重于认知，这些结果强调了确定这些领域或其他治疗目标是否可以更好地解决功能方面的种族差异的重要性。可能的探索领域为未来的工作（例如，结构因素，种族主义相关的压力）进行了讨论。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2024阿帕，保留所有权利）
Black Americans are diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders at more than twice the rate of White individuals and experience significantly worse outcomes following diagnosis. Little research has examined specific factors that may contribute to worse functional outcomes among Black Americans diagnosed with schizophrenia. One approach to understanding why racial disparities emerge is to examine established predictors of functioning in this population: neurocognition, social cognition, and symptom severity. The present study aims to broaden existing literature on racial differences within these domains by (a) examining racial differences in functioning and these established predictors of functioning (ie, neurocognition, social, and symptom severity) and (b) investigating whether cognition and symptom domains similarly predict functioning between Black and White Americans with schizophrenia. Sixty-six participants’ baseline neurocognition, social cognition, symptom severity, and functioning were assessed. Black participants demonstrated lower neurocognition scores and higher levels of disorganized symptoms relative to White participants. No racial differences in functioning or social cognition were observed. Further, race did not moderate the relationship between any of these established predictors and functioning outcomes. The largely nonsignificant differences in known predictors of functioning highlight the need to explore further domains that may be more relevant for understanding racial disparities in schizophrenia. Considering that psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia spectrum disorders often focus on cognition, these results underscore the importance of identifying whether these domains or other treatment targets may be better in addressing racial disparities in functioning. Possible areas of exploration for future work (eg, structural factors, racism-related stress) are discussed.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)