Not smoking is associated with lower risk of hypertension: results of the Olivetti Heart Study
Not smoking is associated with lower risk of hypertension: results of the Olivetti Heart Study
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckt041
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Galletti, Ferruccio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Elia, Lanfranco;De Palma, Daniela;Galletti, Ferruccio
背景：很少有流行病学调查评估戒烟对血压（BP）的作用，结果并不明确。因此，本研究的目的是评估戒烟对高血压（HPT）风险和血压值的影响。方法：这项纵向研究，随访期为8年，包括Olivetti心脏研究的参与者。参与者是430名未经治疗的血压正常的非糖尿病男性，肾功能正常，在1994-95年和2002-04年进行了两次检查。样本包括基线时的当前吸烟者（S，n = 212）、既往吸烟者（ES，n = 145）和从不吸烟者（NS，n = 73）。结果如下：基础体重指数（BMI）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）ES组均显著高于S组（ES vs. S; BMI：27.0 +/- 2.5 vs. 26.1 +/- 2.9 kg/m2; P < 0.01; SBP/DBP：121.2 +/- 9.3/80.0 +/- 5.8 vs. 19.1 +/- 9.9/77.4 +/- 6.7 mm Hg; P < 0.05; M +/- SD）。8年随访后，ES组的BP变化（Δ）显著低于S组（Δ SBP/DBP：12.6 +/- 13.4/7.9 +/- 8.1 vs. 16.0 +/- 14.9/10.3 +/- 10.1 mm Hg; P < 0.05; M +/- SD），调整潜在混杂因素后也是如此。此外，在最后一次检查时，总体HPT患病率为33%，ES组的患病率低于S组（25 vs. 38%，P = 0.01）。在考虑了年龄、基线血压和BMI以及8年内吸烟习惯的变化后，ES仍具有显著低于S的HPT风险（比值比0.30，95%置信区间0.15-0.58; P < 0.01）。结论：在这个健康男性样本中，戒烟与较低的血压增量和较小的HPT风险相关，独立于潜在的混杂因素。
Background: Few epidemiological investigations evaluated the role of smoking cessation on blood pressure (BP), and the results are not univocal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of smoking cessation on the risk to develop hypertension (HPT) and on BP values. Methods: This longitudinal study, with a follow-up period of 8 years, included the participants of the Olivetti Heart Study. Participants were 430 untreated normotensive non-diabetic men with normal renal function, examined twice in 1994-95 and in 2002-04. The sample included current smokers (S, n = 212), former smokers (ES, n = 145) and never smokers (NS, n = 73) at baseline. Results: Basal body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher in ES than in S (ES vs. S; BMI: 27.0 +/- 2.5 vs. 26.1 +/- 2.9 kg/m(2); P < 0.01; SBP/DBP: 121.2 +/- 9.3/80.0 +/- 5.8 vs. 19.1 +/- 9.9/77.4 +/- 6.7 mm Hg; P < 0.05; M +/- SD). After 8 years of follow-up, BP changes (delta) were significantly lower in ES than in S (delta SBP/DBP: 12.6 +/- 13.4/7.9 +/- 8.1 vs. 16.0 +/- 14.9/10.3 +/- 10.1 mm Hg; P < 0.05; M +/- SD), also after adjustment for potential confounders. Moreover, at the last examination, the overall HPT prevalence was 33%, with lower values in ES than in S (25 vs. 38%, P = 0.01). After accounting for age, BP and BMI at baseline, and changes in smoking habit over the 8-year period, ES still had significant lower risk of HPT than S (odds ratio 0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.15-0.58; P < 0.01). Conclusions: In this sample of healthy men, smoking cessation was associated with lower BP increment and minor HPT risk, independently of potential confounders.