KARAKTERISTIK, POTENSI, DAN TEKNOLOGI PENGELOLAAN TANAH ULTISOL UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DI INDONESIA
KARAKTERISTIK, POTENSI, DAN TEKNOLOGI PENGELOLAAN TANAH ULTISOL UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DI INDONESIA
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KARAKTERISTIK、POTENSI、DAN TEKNOLOGI PENGELOLAAN TANAH ULTISOL UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN PERTANIAN LAHAN KERING DI 印度尼西亚
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Balai Penelitian Tanah
中科院分区：
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作者：
Balai Penelitian Tanah
印尼旱地高地发展的特化土特征、潜力和管理特化土几乎占印尼陆地总面积的25%。土壤的深剖面和中高的阳离子交换能力使其在高地发展中具有重要作用。除了受气候和地形的限制外，几乎所有的作物都能在这片土壤上生长发育。淋溶土的天然化学肥力主要集中在有机质含量较低的A层。主要的植物养分，如磷和钾，往往缺乏在Ultisol，而酸性到非常酸性的土壤反应和高铝饱和度也是限制植物生长的Ultisol的特定属性。土壤中粘化层的存在影响土壤的物理性质，如减少大孔隙和微孔，增加地表径流，最终支持土壤侵蚀。大多数研究表明，施用石灰、间作、有机肥和无机肥混施等措施可以克服淋溶土的某些限制。对于地产作物来说，利用超级土壤是没有问题的，但对于粮食作物来说，由于经济条件差和知识少，化学性质通常是农民不容易克服的限制。
Characteristics, potential, and management of Ultisols for agrilcultural upland development in Indonesia Ultisols occupied almost 25% of total Indonesian land surface. The deep profiles and moderate to high cation exchange capacities of the soil make the soil has an important role in agricultural upland development. Almost all kinds of crops are able to grow and develop in this soil, except limited by climate and relief. The natural chemical fertility of Ultisols is mostly restricted on the A horizon with low organic matter content. Major plant nutrients such as phosphorous and potassium are often deficient in Ultisols, while acid to very acid soil reaction and high aluminum saturation were also specific properties of Ultisols that restrict plant growth. The presence of argillic horizon in the soil influences soil physical properties such as reduction of both macro and micropores, enlargement of surface runoff and finally supporting the soil erosion. Most of studies indicated that liming, alley cropping, and fertilizing by organic and unorganic fertilizers could overcome some constraints in Ultisols. Utilization of Ultisols would be no problem for estate crops, but for food crops the chemical properties were generally a constraint that not so easy to overcome by farmer, due to the low economical condition and minimum knowledge.