Income, health, and well-being around the world: Evidence from the Gallup World Poll
Income, health, and well-being around the world: Evidence from the Gallup World Poll
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DOI：
10.1257/jep.22.2.53
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Deaton, Angus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deaton, Angus
2006年期间，盖洛普组织进行了一次世界民意调查，对132个国家的成年人进行了全国抽样调查。我分析了生活满意度和健康满意度的数据，并研究了它们与国民收入、年龄和预期寿命的关系。分析证实了一些早期的发现，也产生了一些新的和不同的结果。平均生活满意度与人均国民收入密切相关。高收入国家的生活满意度高于低收入国家。收入每翻一番，生活满意度（从0到10分）就增加近一个百分点，而且与以往大多数研究结果不同的是，这一效应适用于所有国际收入范围;如果说有什么不同的话，它在富裕国家中略强。在国民人均收入水平的条件下，经济增长对生活满意度的影响是负面的，而不是像以前的讨论和以前的微观经验证据所预测的那样是正面的。无论是生活满意度还是健康满意度，都与预期寿命或艾滋病毒感染率等客观健康衡量标准没有很强的对应关系，因此，两者都不能提供所有领域人口福祉的可靠指标，甚至不能提供健康方面的可靠指标。
During 2006, the Gallup Organization conducted a World Poll that used an identical questionnaire for national samples of adults from 132 countries. I analyze the data on life satisfaction and on health satisfaction and look at their relationships with national income, age, and life-expectancy. The analysis confirms a number of earlier findings and also yields some new and different results. Average life satisfaction is strongly related to per capita national income. High-income countries have greater life-satisfaction than low-income countries. Each doubling of income is associated with almost a one-point increase in life satisfaction on a scale from 0 to 10 and, unlike most previous findings, the effect holds across the range of international incomes; if anything, it is slightly stronger among rich countries. Conditional on the level of national per capita income, the effects of economic growth on life satisfaction are negative, not positive as would be predicted by previous discussion and previous micro-based empirical evidence. Neither life satisfaction nor health satisfaction responds strongly to objective measures of health, such as life expectancy or the prevalence of HIV infection, so that neither provides a reliable indicator of population well-being over all domains, or even over health.