Affirmative Action in India via Vertical, Horizontal, and Overlapping Reservations
Affirmative Action in India via Vertical, Horizontal, and Overlapping Reservations
复制标题
印度通过纵向、横向和重叠保留的平权行动
DOI：
10.3982/ecta17788
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
M. B. Yenmez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tayfun Sönmez;M. B. Yenmez
受宪法的认可，印度是世界上最全面的平权行动计划的所在地，历史上受歧视的群体受到纵向保留的保护，作为“设置”，其他弱势群体受到横向保留的保护，作为“最低保障”。最高法院1995年授权的一个机制存在重大异常，在印度引发了无数诉讼。预测最近的改革纠正有缺陷的机制，我们提出了2SMG机制，解决所有的异常，并与迫切需要反映印度法律的特点。随后被高等法院判决重新发现并在古吉拉特邦执行，2SMG也得到了
Saurav Yadav诉北方邦（2020年），最高法院的裁决废除了有缺陷的机制。虽然没有明确执行，但2SMG在印度对一个重要的申请类别间接执行，因为没有其他机制满足最高法院的新授权。
Sanctioned by its constitution, India is home to the world's most comprehensive affirmative action program, where historically discriminated groups are protected with vertical reservations implemented as “set asides,” and other disadvantaged groups are protected with horizontal reservations implemented as “minimum guarantees.” A mechanism mandated by the Supreme Court in 1995 suffers from important anomalies, triggering countless litigations in India. Foretelling a recent reform correcting the flawed mechanism, we propose the 2SMG mechanism that resolves all anomalies, and characterize it with desiderata reflecting laws of India. Subsequently rediscovered with a high court judgment and enforced in Gujarat, 2SMG is also endorsed by
Saurav Yadav v. State of UP (2020), in a Supreme Court ruling that rescinded the flawed mechanism. While not explicitly enforced, 2SMG is indirectly enforced for an important subclass of applications in India, because no other mechanism satisfies the new mandates of the Supreme Court.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Delacrétaz D
通讯作者：
Delacrétaz D