Listeria monocytogenes Prevalence and Characteristics in Retail Raw Foods in China.
Listeria monocytogenes Prevalence and Characteristics in Retail Raw Foods in China.
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我国零售生食品中单核细胞增多性李斯特菌的流行情况及特点
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0136682
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hu H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu S;Wu Q;Zhang J;Chen M;Yan ZA;Hu H
2012年9月至2014年1月，对全国大部分省会城市零售生食中1036份蔬菜、食用菌、生肉、水产品和速冻食品样品进行了单增李斯特菌的检测，分析了单增李斯特菌的检出率和水平。单核细胞增生李斯特菌总检出率为20.0%（207/1036），最大可能数（MPN）在0.3 ~ 110 MPN/g之间的占65.7%。本次调查存在地理差异，定性和定量方法的结果均表明，华北地区样品的水平高于华南地区样品。共分析了248株分离株，其中约一半属于分子血清群1/2a-3a（45.2%），其次是1/2b-3b-7（30.6%），1/2c-3c（16.1%），4 b-4d-4 e（5.2%）和4a-4c（2.8%）。大多数菌株携带hly（100%）、inlB（98.8%）、inlA（99.6%）、inlC（98.0%）和inlJ（99.2%），其中44.8%的菌株为llsX阳性。共检出17个流行性克隆（EC），其中ECI型7个（2.8%），ECIII型10个（4.03%）。对克林霉素的耐药率为46.8%，59株（23.8%）对所有14种抗生素敏感，84株（33.9%）对两种或两种以上抗生素表现出中等水平的耐药性，其中7株多重耐药菌株对10种以上抗生素表现出耐药性。本研究获得的数据为评估中国消费者可能面临的风险提供了有用信息，这些信息将对中国的公共卫生产生重大影响。此外，存在的毒力标记，流行性克隆，以及抗生素耐药性之间的分离株强烈暗示，许多这些菌株可能能够引起人的支原体病，和更准确的治疗人类支原体病与有效的抗生素应考虑。本研究对L.本研究为中国监管机构制定控制李斯特菌的监管框架提供了基线信息。我们正在努力减少单核细胞增生，以提高生食的微生物安全性。
The prevalence and levels of Listeria monocytogenes in retail raw foods covering most provincial capitals in China were studied with testing of 1036 samples of vegetables, edible mushrooms, raw meat, aquatic products and quick-frozen products from September 2012 to January 2014. The total prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes was 20.0% (207/1036), and the most probable number (MPN) values of 65.7% of the positive samples ranged from 0.3 to 110 MPN/g. Geographical differences were observed in this survey, and the results of both qualitative and quantitative methods indicated that the levels in the samples from North China were higher than those in the samples from South China. A total of 248 isolates were analyzed, of which approximately half belonged to molecular serogroup 1/2a-3a (45.2%), followed by 1/2b-3b-7 (30.6%), 1/2c-3c (16.1%), 4b-4d-4e (5.2%) and 4a-4c (2.8%). Most of the isolates carried hly (100%), inlB (98.8%), inlA (99.6%), inlC (98.0%) and inlJ (99.2%), and 44.8% of the isolates were llsX-positive. Seventeen epidemic clones (ECs) were detected, with 7 strains belonging to ECI (2.8%) and 10 belonging to ECIII (4.03%). Resistance to clindamycin (46.8%) was commonly observed, and 59 strains (23.8%) were susceptible to all 14 tested antibiotics, whereas 84 (33.9%) showed an intermediate level of resistance or were resistant to two or more antibiotics, including 7 multi-resistant strains that exhibited resistance to more than 10 antibiotics. The data obtained in the present study provides useful information for assessment of the possible risk posed to Chinese consumers, and this information will have a significant public health impact in China. Furthermore, the presence of virulence markers, epidemic clones, as well as the antibiotic resistance amongst the isolates strongly implies that many of these strains might be capable of causing listeriosis, and more accurate treatment of human listeriosis with effective antibiotics should be considered. This research represents a more full-scale and systematical investigation of the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in retail raw foods in China, and it provides baseline information for Chinese regulatory authorities that will aid in the formulation of a regulatory framework for controlling L. monocytogenes with the aim of improving the microbiological safety of raw foods.