Factors affecting the initiation of breastfeeding: implications for breastfeeding promotion
Factors affecting the initiation of breastfeeding: implications for breastfeeding promotion
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DOI：
10.1093/heapro/17.3.205
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Earle, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Earle, S
联合王国的母乳喂养率是发达国家中最低的，当然也是欧洲最低的。在英国有许多关于母乳喂养的研究，其中大多数采用了定量方法，它们主要集中在决定母乳喂养的产科或社会人口因素上。虽然这些研究有一个重要的作用，本文借鉴了一项研究，采用定性的方法来探讨妇女的个人经验和母乳喂养的看法。1998年对英国西米德兰兹郡12家产前门诊的19名初孕妇进行了定性研究。他们的年龄从16岁到30岁不等，大多数人称自己为“白人”。大多数参与者在各种职业中从事有偿工作。本研究采用前瞻性设计。参与者在怀孕期间或分娩后接受了三次采访：第一阶段是怀孕6至14周;第二阶段是34至39周;第三阶段是分娩后6至14周。数据表明，有几个因素影响母乳喂养的开始，第一，婴儿喂养的决定似乎是之前，或与卫生专业人员接触无关。其次，数据表明，英国的健康促进活动在教育妇女母乳喂养的好处方面具有影响力。然而，这并没有阻止参与者在做出决定后放弃配方奶粉喂养。对父亲参与的渴望似乎也是另一个影响因素;父亲要么被视为能够减轻早期母亲的日常折磨，要么渴望“共同养育”。最后，一些配方奶喂养的妇女表达了强烈的愿望，希望重新确立自己作为独立个体和“非母亲”的身份。
Breastfeeding rates in the United Kingdom (UK) are one of the lowest in the developed world and certainly the lowest in Europe. There have been numerous studies of breastfeeding in the UK, most of which have adopted a quantitative approach, and they have largely focused on obstetric or socio-demographic factors in the decision to breastfeed. Whilst these studies have an important role to play, this paper draws on a study that adopts a qualitative methodology to explore women's personal experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding. A qualitative study of 19 primagravidae was undertaken and completed in 1998, Participants were recruited to the study via 12 antenatal clinics in the West Midlands, England, UK. Their ages ranged from 16 to 30 years and the majority described themselves as 'white'. The majority of participants were in paid employment in a variety of occupations. The study was prospective in design. Participants were interviewed three times either during pregnancy or after childbirth: the first stage was between 6 and 14 weeks of pregnancy; the second stage was between 34 and 39 weeks; and the third stage was between 6 and 14 weeks after childbirth. The data indicate that there are several factors affecting breastfeeding initiation, First, infant feeding decisions seem to be made prior to, or irrespective of contact with health professionals. Secondly, the data suggest that health promotion campaigns in the UK have been influential in their ability to educate women about the benefits of breastfeeding. However, this did not dissuade participants from formula feeding once their decision was made. The desire for paternal involvement also seemed to be another influential factor; fathers were either seen as able to alleviate the daily grind of early motherhood, or there was a desire for 'shared parenting'. Finally, some of the formula feeding women expressed a strong desire to re-establish their identities as separate individuals and as 'non-mothers'.