Nematode chromosomes.

Nematode chromosomes.
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线虫染色体。

DOI:
10.1093/genetics/iyac014
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发表时间:
2022-05-05
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Ahmed, Shawn
Ahmed, Shawn
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carlton, Peter M.;Davis, Richard E.;Ahmed, Shawn

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秀丽隐杆线虫揭示了真核生物学的许多方面,包括遗传学,发育,细胞生物学和基因组学。C.自20世纪90年代后期以来,作为模式生物的秀丽隐杆线虫一直是基本上无缺口且注释良好的核基因组序列的可用性,该核基因组序列分为6条染色体。本文就C.线虫染色体,然后提供了染色体生物学在其他不同的线虫物种的一般观点。我们突出了可延展的染色体特征,包括着丝粒,端粒和重复元件,以及程序化DNA消除的显着过程(历史上被描述为染色质减少),诱导少数线虫物种体细胞中基因组部分的丢失。一个令人兴奋的未来前景是,线虫物种可能使实验方法来研究染色体特征和测试模型的染色体进化。从长远来看,关于物种形成如何与染色体生物学相结合的基本见解可能会被揭示。
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has shed light on many aspects of eukaryotic biology, including genetics, development, cell biology, and genomics. A major factor in the success of C. elegans as a model organism has been the availability, since the late 1990s, of an essentially gap-free and well-annotated nuclear genome sequence, divided among 6 chromosomes. In this review, we discuss the structure, function, and biology of C. elegans chromosomes and then provide a general perspective on chromosome biology in other diverse nematode species. We highlight malleable chromosome features including centromeres, telomeres, and repetitive elements, as well as the remarkable process of programmed DNA elimination (historically described as chromatin diminution) that induces loss of portions of the genome in somatic cells of a handful of nematode species. An exciting future prospect is that nematode species may enable experimental approaches to study chromosome features and to test models of chromosome evolution. In the long term, fundamental insights regarding how speciation is integrated with chromosome biology may be revealed.
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发表时间: 1982-01-01
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