Evolution of pathogenic viruses with special reference to the rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions.
Evolution of pathogenic viruses with special reference to the rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions.
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病原病毒的进化，特别参考同义和非同义替换率。
DOI：
10.1266/jjg.69.481
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Mizokami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Gojobori;Y. Yamaguchi;K. Ikeo;M. Mizokami
对于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、甲型流感病毒、人类T细胞白血病病毒I型（HTLV-I）等病原病毒，特别是同义和非同义替换率，简要回顾了其进化特征。特别是，这些速率与分子进化的中性理论相关联进行了讨论。所有五种致病病毒的共同点是，同义替换率高于非同义替换率，特别是在比较不同分离株之间的整个基因区域时。这表明，尽管大多数病毒基因组的进化速度远远高于宿主基因组，但病毒蛋白对功能和结构变化相当保守。因此，这一特征与中性理论是一致的。然而，也有人指出，正选择可能在某些特定位点（例如抗原位点）上进行，以使致病病毒逃离宿主免疫系统。
For pathogenic viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human influenza A virus, and human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), the evolutionary features were briefly reviewed with special reference to the rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions. In particular, these rates were discussed in connection with the neutral theory of molecular evolution. It was common to all the five pathogenic viruses that the rate of synonymous substitution was higher than that of nonsynonymous substitution particularly when the entire gene regions were compared between different isolates. This suggests that the viral proteins are quite conservative to functional and structural changes even though most of these viral genomes are evolving at a speed extraordinarily higher than their host genomes. Thus, this feature is consistent with the neutral theory. However, it is also pointed out that positive selection may be operating on some specific sites such as antigenic sites in order for the pathogenic viruses to escape from the host immune system.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Wenhao Li;M. Tanimura;P. Sharp
通讯作者：
Wenhao Li;M. Tanimura;P. Sharp