Automotive user interfaces for the support of non-driving-related activities
Automotive user interfaces for the support of non-driving-related activities
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支持非驾驶相关活动的汽车用户界面
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发表时间：
2017
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通讯作者：
Bastian Pfleging
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作者：
Bastian Pfleging
自从第一辆车发明以来，驾驶汽车已经发生了很大的变化。今天，司机不仅要开车去他们的目的地，而且还要在车里进行许多额外的活动。例如，这包括与旨在提高驾驶安全和减轻司机工作量的辅助功能有关的活动。然而，由于司机在车内花费了相当长的时间，他们往往也想进行与驾驶无关的活动。特别是，这些活动与娱乐、交流和生产力有关。司机对这类活动的需求大大增加，特别是由于智能手机和其他移动设备的成功。只要司机负责执行实际驾驶任务，这样的活动就会分散司机的注意力，并可能导致严重的事故。由于驾驶环境的这些特殊要求，驾驶员理想地通过使用适当设计的车载系统来执行这些活动。这类系统面临的挑战是，在保持和提高驾驶安全的同时，实现灵活和容易使用的与驾驶无关的活动。本论文的主要贡献是为汽车用户界面提供了一套指导方针和示范概念，这些界面除了提供常规驾驶任务外，还提供了安全、多样和易于使用的方法来执行与驾驶无关的活动。使用人机交互中常用的经验方法，我们调查了汽车用户界面的各个方面，目的是支持未来促进非驾驶相关活动的界面的设计和开发。第一个方面涉及使用生理数据来推断有关驾驶员工作量的信息。作为第二个方面，我们提出了一种多通道的交互方式，以便于在车内进行多个活动的交互。此外，我们引入了两个概念来支持常用和要求的非驾驶相关活动：对于与外部世界的沟通，我们调查司机与远程人员共享乘车详细信息的需求，以提高驾驶安全。最后，我们提出了时间调整活动的概念(例如，娱乐和生产力)，使司机能够利用只需要很少关注的时间。从手动、非自动驾驶开始，我们还考虑了自动驾驶模式的兴起。
Driving a car has changed a lot since the first car was invented. Today, drivers do not only maneuver the car to their destination but also perform a multitude of additional activities in the car. This includes for instance activities related to assistive functions that are meant to increase driving safety and reduce the driver’s workload. However, since drivers spend a considerable amount of time in the car, they often want to perform non-driving-related activities as well. In particular, these activities are related to entertainment, communication, and productivity. The driver’s need for such activities has vastly increased, particularly due to the success of smart phones and other mobile devices. As long as the driver is in charge of performing the actual driving task, such activities can distract the driver and may result in severe accidents. Due to these special requirements of the driving environment, the driver ideally performs such activities by using appropriately designed in-vehicle systems. The challenge for such systems is to enable flexible and easily usable non-driving-related activities while maintaining and increasing driving safety at the same time. The main contribution of this thesis is a set of guidelines and exemplary concepts for automotive user interfaces that offer safe, diverse, and easy-to-use means to perform non-driving-related activities besides the regular driving tasks. Using empirical methods that are commonly used in human-computer interaction, we investigate various aspects of automotive user interfaces with the goal to support the design and development of future interfaces that facilitate non-driving-related activities. The first aspect is related to using physiological data in order to infer information about the driver’s workload. As a second aspect, we propose a multimodal interaction style to facilitate the interaction with multiple activities in the car. In addition, we introduce two concepts for the support of commonly used and demanded non-driving-related activities: For communication with the outside world, we investigate the driver’s needs with regard to sharing ride details with remote persons in order to increase driving safety. Finally, we present a concept of time-adjusted activities (e.g., entertainment and productivity) which enable the driver to make use of times where only little attention is required. Starting with manual, non-automated driving, we also consider the rise of automated driving modes.