A high resolution camera system (ParCa) for imaging particles in the ocean: System design and results from profiles and a three-month deployment
A high resolution camera system (ParCa) for imaging particles in the ocean: System design and results from profiles and a three-month deployment
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DOI：
10.1357/0022240963213565
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发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Wefer, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ratmeyer, V;Wefer, G
为了直接光学测量海洋颗粒的丰度、浓度和大小分布，设计了一个高分辨率相机系统（ParCa），以改进Honjo等人（1984）、Asper（1987）等人使用的类似系统。成像探针体积可达371，最小颗粒直径可达50 μ m。这些图像提供了在通过水柱进行剖面分析或在一定深度停泊时的颗粒大小、形状和丰度信息。在1992年秋至1993年春末期间，在赤道大西洋和西非大陆架附近的6个站进行的R. V. Meteor巡航M22-1和M23-3获得了深度剖面。图像显示550米水柱的颗粒和聚集体浓度变化，80米以上的浓度最高。利用随附的内流仪（Krause and Ohm, 1996）测量到，上层叶绿素最大值的深度从巴西盆地的约75米到几内亚盆地的约50米发生了显著变化，并在两个选定剖面的颗粒丰度中得到了很好的体现。相比之下，这两条剖面在100 ~ 250 m之间显示出第二次粒子丰度最大值，这在叶绿素-a和后向散射信号中是不可见的。总颗粒丰度最大值从巴西中部盆地的每升677个增加到几内亚盆地的991个，对应于海洋雪的丰度分别为每升57个和127个。为了比较粒子浓度和随时间变化的通量的高分辨率数据，1994年6月至9月还在加那利盆地995米深的沉积物捕获系泊处部署了ParCa。初步结果表明，沉积物捕集器产生的颗粒物质通量从2.8至67.2 mg m(-2) d(-1)，直径为> 0.5 mm的颗粒的等效球形体积从0.98至4.13 mm(3) 1（-1）也有类似的趋势。
For direct optical measurement of abundance, concentration and size distribution of marine particles, a high-resolution camera system (ParCa) was designed to improve on similar systems used by Honjo et al. (1984), Asper (1987) and others. Imaging a probe volume of up to 37 1, smallest particles with diameters of 50 mu m can be counted. The images provide information on particle size, shape and abundance either during profiling through the water column or while moored in a certain depth over time. Depth profiles were acquired between fall 1992 and late spring 1993 on R. V. Meteor cruises M22-1 and M23-3 at 6 stations in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean and off the west African shelf. The images show variable particle and aggregate concentrations through 550 m of the water column, with highest concentrations in the upper 80 m. A distinctive change in the depth of the upper chlorophyll maximum from about 75 m in the Brazil Basin to about 50 m in the Guinea Basin was measured with the attached INFLUX current meter (Krause and Ohm, 1996) and is as well represented in the particle abundances of two selected profiles. In contrast, both profiles show a second particle abundance maximum between 100 and 250 m, which is not visible in the chlorophyll-a and backscatter signal of the INFLUX sensors. Total particle abundance maxima raise from 677 counts per liter in the central Brazil Basin to 991 counts in the Guinea Basin, corresponding to marine snow abundances of 57 and 127 counts per liter, respectively.In order to compare high-resolution data on particle concentration and flux through time, ParCa was also deployed on a sediment-trap mooring at 995 m depth in the Canary Basin between June and September 1994. First results show similar trends in sediment-trap derived fluxes of particulate matter from 2.8 to 67.2 mg m(-2) d(-1) and equivalent spherical volumes of particles with diameters > 0.5 mm from 0.98 to 4.13 mm(3) 1(-1).