Structural Neuroplasticity in the Sensorimotor Network of Professional Female Ballet Dancers
Structural Neuroplasticity in the Sensorimotor Network of Professional Female Ballet Dancers
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.20928
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发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Jaencke, Lutz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haenggi, Juergen;Koeneke, Susan;Jaencke, Lutz
有证据表明，运动、感觉和认知训练可以调节特定练习中涉及的大脑结构。功能神经成像显示了与跳舞有关的关键大脑结构，如壳核和运动前皮质。高强度的芭蕾舞训练有望调节感觉运动网络的结构，例如壳核、运动前皮质、辅助运动区(SMA)和皮质脊髓束。采用基于磁共振的形态测量和扩散张量成像技术，对10名专业芭蕾舞女演员和10名非专业芭蕾舞女演员的灰质(GM)和白质(WM)体积、分数各向异性(FA)和平均扩散系数(MD)进行了研究。与非舞蹈者相比，舞蹈者左侧运动前皮质、SMA、壳核和额上回的GM体积减少，而两个皮质脊髓束的WM体积减少，无论是内囊、胼胝体和左侧前扣带。舞者左侧和右侧运动前皮质下的WM的FA值较低。两组间MD差异无统计学意义。开始跳舞的年龄分别与右侧运动前皮质和内囊的GM和WM体积呈负相关，与左侧中央前回和穹隆体区的WM体积呈正相关。结果不受舞者明显较低的体重指数的影响。目前的发现补充了对专家进行的功能成像研究的结果，这些研究显示，与非熟练受试者相比，熟练受试者的神经活动减少。脑活动的减少伴随着局部GM和WM体积的减少以及FA的减少。《哼唱大脑地图》31：1196-1206,2010。(C)2009年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Evidence suggests that motor, sensory, and cognitive training modulates brain structures involved in a specific practice. Functional neuroimaging revealed key brain structures involved in dancing such as the putamen and the premotor cortex. Intensive ballet dance training was expected to modulate the structures of the sensorimotor network, for example, the putamen, premotor cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA), and the corticospinal tracts. We investigated gray (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) using magnetic resonance-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging in 10 professional female ballet dancers compared with 10 nondancers. In dancers compared with nondancers, decreased GM volumes were observed in the left premotor cortex, SMA, putamen, and superior frontal gyrus, and decreased WM volumes in both corticospinal tracts, both internal capsules, corpus callosum, and left anterior cingulum. FA was lower in the WM underlying the dancers' left and right premotor cortex. There were no significant differences in MD between the groups. Age of dance commencement was negatively correlated with GM and WM volume in the right premotor cortex and internal capsule, respectively, and positively correlated with WM volume in the left precentral gyrus and corpus callosum. Results were not influenced by the significantly lower body mass index of the dancers. The present findings complement the results of functional imaging studies in experts that revealed reduced neural activity in skilled compared with nonskilled subjects. Reductions in brain activity are accompanied by local decreases in GM and WM volumes and decreased FA. Hum Brain Mapp 31:1196-1206, 2010. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.