Towards Integrating Traffic and Terrain Constraints into a Vertical Situation Display
Towards Integrating Traffic and Terrain Constraints into a Vertical Situation Display
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将交通和地形约束整合到垂直情境显示中
DOI：
10.2514/6.2010-8169
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
René van Paassen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Rijneveld;C. Borst;M. Mulder;René van Paassen
未来的空域操作将允许机组人员计划和飞行自己的首选路线和到达时间，而无需空中交通管制的太多干预。这意味着飞行员在保持安全间隔的同时，更有责任规划自己的路线。这就需要一个战略规划工具，以支持高水平的试点情况意识。目前的飞机已经配备了地形和交通预警系统，但这些系统只能提供短期的冲突解决方案。最近的研究表明，基于约束的界面设计方法可用于支持长期和中期决策，并提供对工作领域的更深入了解。然而，这些研究都集中在地形或交通。本文的目的是通过在实验性的垂直情况显示器上显示性能、交通和地形覆盖来整合两者。在一个有12名专业飞行员参加的模拟器评估中，将该垂直态势显示与基线垂直态势显示进行了比较，基线垂直态势显示仅显示地形覆盖和入侵飞机相对于本舰的位置。实验结果表明，性能，交通和地形覆盖提高了飞行员的整体态势意识和飞行员的工作负荷较低。然而，在决策方面，结果并没有明显改善。在安全方面，交通冲突减少，但地面接近入侵增加。
Future airspace operations will allow flight crews to plan and fly their own preferred route and time of arrival without much intervention from air traffic control. This implies that pilots become more responsible for planning their own route while maintaining safe separation. This requires a strategic planning tool that support a high level of pilot Situation Awareness. Current aircraft are already equipped with terrain and traffic warning systems to, but these systems only provide short-term conflict resolutions. Recent studies have shown that a constraint-based approach to interface design could be used to support long- and medium-term decision-making and to provide a deeper understanding of the work domain. However, these studies were focused on either terrain or traffic. This paper aims to integrate both by showing the performance, traffic and terrain overlays on an experimental Vertical Situation Display. In a simulator evaluation, in which twelve professional airline pilots participated, this Vertical Situation Display was compared to a baseline Vertical Situation Display that only showed a terrain overlay and intruder aircraft relative to own ship. The experiment results revealed that the performance, traffic and terrain overlays improved pilots’ overall situation awareness and pilots rated their workload lower. Regarding decision-making, however, the results were not significantly better. Regarding safety, there were less traffic conflicts, but more ground proximity intrusions.