Measuring Biodiversity and Extinction-Present and Past.
Measuring Biodiversity and Extinction-Present and Past.
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DOI：
10.1093/icb/icy113
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
J. Sigwart;J. Sigwart;Keith D. Bennett;Keith D. Bennett;S. Edie;L. Mander;B. Okamura;K. Padian;Q. Wheeler;J. Winston;Norine W. Yeung
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Sigwart;J. Sigwart;Keith D. Bennett;Keith D. Bennett;S. Edie;L. Mander;B. Okamura;K. Padian;Q. Wheeler;J. Winston;Norine W. Yeung
我们这个时代的生物多样性如何变化是所有有机生物学家关注的一个主要问题。由于污染、栖息地破坏、物种直接灭绝和气候变化的负面影响，我们星球的人为变化正在减少物种多样性。但重大的生物变化——包括物种多样性增加和减少的变化——在地球历史上曾经发生过。过去时代的生物多样性动态为理解当前环境变化的生态反应提供了重要背景。评估生物多样性的工作涉及生态学、环境科学、保护、古生物学、系统发育学、进化和发育生物学以及许多其他学科；然而，我们衡量物种多样性的绝对基础取决于分类学和系统学。本次研讨会和补充性演讲的愿望是促进更好地理解我们的共同目标，并鼓励未来对生物多样性动态的跨学科讨论。这本论文集中的贡献汇集了不同的演讲者群体来面对几个重要的主题。生物学家如何才能最好地应对识别和保护多样性的迫切需要？我们如何才能更好地跨科学学科传达物种的本质？关于活体动植物群多样性的主要知识差距在哪里？对于理解潜在的多样性丧失有何影响？我们如何有效地利用过去多样性和灭绝的化石记录来了解当前的生物多样性丧失？
How biodiversity is changing in our time represents a major concern for all organismal biologists. Anthropogenic changes to our planet are decreasing species diversity through the negative effects of pollution, habitat destruction, direct extirpation of species, and climate change. But major biotic changes-including those that have both increased and decreased species diversity-have happened before in Earth's history. Biodiversity dynamics in past eras provide important context to understand ecological responses to current environmental change. The work of assessing biodiversity is woven into ecology, environmental science, conservation, paleontology, phylogenetics, evolutionary and developmental biology, and many other disciplines; yet, the absolute foundation of how we measure species diversity depends on taxonomy and systematics. The aspiration of this symposium, and complementary contributed talks, was to promote better understanding of our common goals and encourage future interdisciplinary discussion of biodiversity dynamics. The contributions in this collection of papers bring together a diverse group of speakers to confront several important themes. How can biologists best respond to the urgent need to identify and conserve diversity? How can we better communicate the nature of species across scientific disciplines? Where are the major gaps in knowledge about the diversity of living animal and plant groups, and what are the implications for understanding potential diversity loss? How can we effectively use the fossil record of past diversity and extinction to understand current biodiversity loss?