Brain Mechanisms of Social Threat Effects on Working Memory.
Brain Mechanisms of Social Threat Effects on Working Memory.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhu206
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发表时间：
2014-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
V. Ast;Julie Spicer;Edward E. Smith;Sonja Schmer-Galunder;Israel Liberzon;J. Abelson;T. Wager
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Ast;Julie Spicer;Edward E. Smith;Sonja Schmer-Galunder;Israel Liberzon;J. Abelson;T. Wager
社会威胁可能对认知表现产生不利影响，但其影响背后的大脑机制知之甚少。我们研究了社会评价威胁对工作记忆的影响，工作记忆是许多重要认知能力的核心组成部分。在N-back任务中，社会威胁损害了WM的表现，并在外侧前额叶皮层和顶内沟（IPS）等区域的激活中产生了广泛的减少。此外，在额叶和顶叶区域的活动预测WM性能，和中介分析确定的区域在双边IPS介导的性能受损的社会威胁的影响。社会威胁也降低了IPS和背外侧前额叶皮层之间的连接，同时增加了IPS和腹内侧前额叶皮层之间的连接，这一区域与自主神经和情绪反应的产生密切相关。最后，皮质醇对应激源的反应并不介导WM损伤，而是与保护作用有关。这些结果为理解神经系统水平上社会和认知过程之间的相互作用提供了基础。
Social threat can have adverse effects on cognitive performance, but the brain mechanisms underlying its effects are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of social evaluative threat on working memory (WM), a core component of many important cognitive capabilities. Social threat impaired WM performance during an N-back task and produced widespread reductions in activation in lateral prefrontal cortex and intraparietal sulcus (IPS), among other regions. In addition, activity in frontal and parietal regions predicted WM performance, and mediation analyses identified regions in the bilateral IPS that mediated the performance-impairing effects of social threat. Social threat also decreased connectivity between the IPS and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, while increasing connectivity between the IPS and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a region strongly implicated in the generation of autonomic and emotional responses. Finally, cortisol response to the stressor did not mediate WM impairment but was rather associated with protective effects. These results provide a basis for understanding interactions between social and cognitive processes at a neural systems level.