Efficient Fabrication of Ultralight YBa2Cu3O7−x Superconductors with Programmable Shape and Structure
Efficient Fabrication of Ultralight YBa2Cu3O7−x Superconductors with Programmable Shape and Structure
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DOI：
10.1002/adfm.202100680
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Baoqiang Zhang;Qiangqiang Zhang;Peng He;Yanbin Ma;Lei Shen;Xingyi Zhang;Youhe Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baoqiang Zhang;Qiangqiang Zhang;Peng He;Yanbin Ma;Lei Shen;Xingyi Zhang;Youhe Zhou
超导YBa2Cu3O7−x（YBCO）块材在准永磁体、悬浮等方面有着广阔的应用前景。最近，块材超导体的应用已经被提出，例如在便携式超轻超导设备中。这些应用需要具有轻质、复杂形态和良好加工性的块状超导体。然而，传统的YBCO块材的制造方法需要长时间的补充氧化，并且产生具有许多随机分布的裂纹的有限几何形状。这与陶瓷材料固有的脆性相结合，严重阻碍了其广泛应用。在这项研究中，通过基于直接墨水书写的3D打印工艺构建了具有多尺度分层几何构型的YBCO块体。3D打印的YBCO绿色体在定向凝固后表现出坚固的结构，这促进了沉积层中前体颗粒之间的紧密接触。该技术的优点是在920 °C下烧结后的收缩率低至13.6 vol%。与传统冷压烧结生产的材料相比，3D打印块体具有轻质、高结晶度和良好的电磁性能。重要的是，具有大比表面积的多级空隙结构显著减少了氧化时间并保持了超导电性。提出的3D打印工艺可用于工业生产具有复杂几何形状的超导体，以实现新的应用。
Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) bulks have demonstrated promising applications in quasi‐permanent magnets, levitation, etc. Recently, the applications of bulk superconductors have been proposed, such as in portable, ultralight superconducting devices. These applications require bulk superconductors with lightweight, complex morphology, and good processability. However, the traditional fabrication method of YBCO bulks requires prolonged supplemental oxygenation and produces limited geometries with many randomly distributed cracks. This, combined with the inherent brittleness of the ceramic material, seriously impedes its wide application. In this study, a YBCO bulk with a multiscale hierarchical geometric configuration is constructed by a direct‐ink‐writing‐based 3D‐printing process. The 3D‐printed YBCO green bodies exhibit a robust structure after directional freezing, which promotes intimate contact between the precursor particles in the deposited layers. This technology offers the advantage of a low shrinkage of 13.6 vol% after sintering at 920 °C. The 3D‐printed bulks show lightweight, highly crystalline, and good electromagnetic properties compared with those produced by traditional cold‐pressed sintering. Importantly, the multilevel void structure with a large specific surface area significantly reduces the oxygenation time and retains superconductivity. The proposed 3D‐printing process can be adopted for the industrial production of superconducting bulk with complex geometries for novel applications.