Prenatal lead exposure, δ-aminolevulinic acid, and schizophrenia
Prenatal lead exposure, δ-aminolevulinic acid, and schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6777
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Susser, ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Opler, MGA;Brown, AS;Susser, ES
精神分裂症是一种病因不明的严重精神障碍。最近的报告表明，产前发育过程中的一些环境因素可能与精神分裂症有关。我们使用1959年至1966年在加州奥克兰登记的一组活产婴儿的存档血清样本，检验了环境铅暴露可能与精神分裂症相关的假设。精神分裂症谱系障碍的病例被确定并与对照组相匹配。铅暴露的生物标志物，δ-氨基乙酰丙酸（δ-ALA），测定44例和75例对照的孕中期血清样本。将δ-ALA分为高和低两类，高类中有66名受试者，对应于血铅水平（BPb）大于或等于15 μ g/dL，低类中有53名受试者，对应于BPb < 15 μ g/dL。使用逻辑回归，与较高的δ-ALA相关的精神分裂症的比值比（OR）为1.83 [95%置信区间（CI），0.87-3.87; p = 0.1]。调整协变量后，OR为2.43（95% CI，0.99-5.96; p = 0.051）。这一发现表明，产前暴露于铅和/或升高的δ-ALA的影响可能会延伸到以后的生活，必须进一步调查成人精神疾病的危险因素。
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder of unknown etiology. Recent reports suggest that a number of environmental factors during prenatal development may be associated with schizophrenia. We tested the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure may be associated with schizophrenia using archived serum samples from a cohort of live births enrolled between 1959 and 1966 in Oakland, California. Cases of schizophrenia spectrum disorder were identified and matched to controls. A biologic marker of lead exposure, delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA), was determined in second-trimester serum samples of 44 cases and 75 controls. delta-ALA was stratified into high and low categories, yielding 66 subjects in the high category, corresponding to a blood lead level (BPb) greater than or equal to 15 mug/dL, and 53 in the low category, corresponding to BPb < 15 mug/dL. Using logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) for schizophrenia associated with higher delta-ALA was 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87-3.87; p = 0.1]. Adjusting for covariates gave an OR of 2.43 (95% CI, 0.99-5.96; p = 0.051). This finding suggests that the effects of prenatal exposure to lead and/or elevated delta-ALA may extend into later life and must be further investigated as risk factors for adult psychiatric diseases.