An early-morning flowering trait in rice can enhance grain yield under heat stress field conditions at flowering stage.
An early-morning flowering trait in rice can enhance grain yield under heat stress field conditions at flowering stage.
复制标题
水稻的早花性状可以在花期热胁迫田间条件下提高籽粒产量。
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108400
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
T. M. Htun.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Ishimaru;K. Thandar Hlaing;Y. M. Oo;T. M. Lwin;K. Sasaki;P. D. Lumanglas;E. M. Simon;T. T. Myint;A. Hairmansis;U. Susanto;B. Ayyenar;R. Muthurajan;H. Hirabayashi;Y. Fukuta;K. Kobayasi;T. Matsui;M. Yoshimoto;T. M. Htun.
水稻早花性状可以有效地缓解开花期热诱导的小穗不育，从而提高产量。本研究评估了（i）携带EMF性状QTL的近等基因系（指定为IR 64 + qEMF 3）和轮回亲本IR 64之间在气候变化大的情况下的表型差异以及（ii）EMF性状是否可以在开花时的热胁迫下提高谷物产量。IR64 + qEMF3在温带、亚热带和热带等不同环境条件下均具有显著的提早开花时间（FOT）的作用。FOT基因型之间的最高和最低气温差异。在开花期非热胁迫温度下，IR64 + qEMF 3的产量与IR64相近，产量构成因素变化较小。在缅甸热脆弱地区进行的7个多年田间试验表明，当植物暴露于日最高气温约36.1 °C或更高时，IR64 + qEMF 3中较高的结实率有助于显著提高谷物产量。IR64 + qEMF 3的小穗不育性较低，这是由于在较冷的清晨时间内FOT较早。这是第一项田间研究，清楚地证明了在开花时不同热应激田间条件下，电动势特性可提高谷物产量。
An early-morning flowering (EMF) trait is supposed to be effective in enhancing grain yield due to mitigation of heat-induced spikelet sterility at flowering in rice. This study evaluated (i) phenotypic differences between a near-isogenic line carrying a QTL for EMF trait (designated as IR64 +qEMF3) and a recurrent parent, IR64, under wide variation in climates and (ii) whether the EMF trait can enhance grain yield under heat stress at flowering. IR64 +qEMF3had significant earlier flower opening time (FOT) in diverse environmental conditions including temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. FOT differentially responded to maximum and minimum air temperatures between genotypes. Under non-heat stress temperatures at flowering, IR64 +qEMF3had similar grain yield to IR64 with minimal changes in yield components. Seven field trials in heat-vulnerable regions of Myanmar for multiple years showed that higher percentage of grain set contributed to the significantly higher grain yield in IR64 +qEMF3when plants were exposed to daily maximum air temperatures around 36.1 °C or higher. Lower spikelet sterility in IR64 +qEMF3was attributed to the earlier FOT during cooler early morning hours. This is the first field study that clearly demonstrates the enhancement of grain yield due to EMF trait under diverse heat stress field conditions at flowering.