Impact of plasma transaminase levels on the peripheral blood glutamate levels and memory functions in healthy subjects.
Impact of plasma transaminase levels on the peripheral blood glutamate levels and memory functions in healthy subjects.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.02.004
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Miyoshi E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kamada Y;Hashimoto R;Yamamori H;Yasuda Y;Takehara T;Fujita Y;Hashimoto K;Miyoshi E
血中天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平是肝损伤最常见的可靠生物标志物。虽然AST和ALT作为转氨酶在谷氨酸的产生中起核心作用，但外周血中AST和ALT水平仅被认为是肝损伤的生物标志物。谷氨酸是一种主要的兴奋性神经递质，影响大脑的记忆功能。在这项研究中，我们调查了血液转氨酶水平对血液谷氨酸浓度和记忆的影响。精神、医学和神经学健康的受试者(n=1514，女性/男性：268/246)通过当地广告登记参加这项研究。用高效液相色谱法测定血浆氨基酸(谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、d-丝氨酸和L-丝氨酸)。采用修订后的韦氏记忆量表的言语记忆、视觉记忆、一般记忆、注意力/注意力和延迟回忆五项指标来测量记忆功能。血浆AST、ALT与血浆谷氨酸水平均呈显著正相关。血浆AST、ALT水平与5项记忆功能中的4项呈显著负相关，血浆谷氨酸水平与5项记忆功能中的3项呈显著负相关。多变量分析表明，即使在调整了性别和教育程度后，血浆AST、ALT和谷氨酸水平仍与记忆功能显著相关。据我们所知，这是第一个可以证明血液转氨酶水平对人类血液谷氨酸浓度和记忆功能影响的报告。这些发现对于解释转氨酶升高和认知功能障碍的肥胖诱导代谢综合征很重要。外周血中AST和ALT水平仅被认为是肝损伤的生物标志物。健康人血浆AST、ALT与血浆谷氨酸水平均呈显著正相关。在单变量和多变量分析中，血浆AST、ALT和谷氨酸水平与记忆功能呈显著负相关。据我们所知，这是第一个可以证明血液转氨酶水平对人类血液谷氨酸浓度和记忆功能影响的报告。
Blood aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels are the most frequently reliable biomarkers of liver injury. Although AST and ALT play central roles in glutamate production as transaminases, peripheral blood levels of AST and ALT have been regarded only as liver injury biomarkers. Glutamate is a principal excitatory neurotransmitter, which affects memory functions in the brain. In this study, we investigated the impact of blood transaminase levels on blood glutamate concentration and memory. Psychiatrically, medically, and neurologically healthy subjects (n = 514, female/male: 268/246) were enrolled in this study through local advertisements. Plasma amino acids (glutamate, glutamine, glycine, d-serine, and l-serine) were measured using a high performance liquid chromatography system. The five indices, verbal memory, visual memory, general memory, attention/concentration, and delayed recall of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised were used to measure memory functions. Both plasma AST and ALT had a significant positive correlation with plasma glutamate levels. Plasma AST and ALT levels were significantly negatively correlated with four of five memory functions, and plasma glutamate was significantly negatively correlated with three of five memory functions. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that plasma AST, ALT, and glutamate levels were significantly correlated with memory functions even after adjustment for gender and education. As far as we know, this is the first report which could demonstrate the impact of blood transaminase levels on blood glutamate concentration and memory functions in human. These findings are important for the interpretation of obesity-induced metabolic syndrome with elevated transaminases and cognitive dysfunction. Peripheral blood levels of AST and ALT have been regarded only as liver injury biomarkers. In healthy human subjects, both plasma AST and ALT had significant positive correlations with plasma glutamate levels. Plasma AST, ALT, and glutamate levels were significantly negatively correlated with memory functions in univariate and multivariate analyses. As far as we know, this is the first report which could demonstrate the impact of blood transaminase levels on blood glutamate concentration and memory functions in human.