THE NATURE OF APRAXIA
THE NATURE OF APRAXIA
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DOI：
10.1097/00005053-195801000-00003
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发表时间：
1958-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
DENNYBROWN, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DENNYBROWN, D
“协调性的障碍”(57)。这种类型的运动障碍一直与脑损伤有关，通常具有如此大或弥漫的性质，以至于试图将这种疾病与特定区域的损伤联系起来是徒劳的。与各种类型的失用症相关的描述性文献非常广泛，其特点是大量的术语，但某些著名的研究(27、28、42、46、53)，特别是利普曼的研究，仅部分澄清了这些术语。 (36-38) 威尔逊 (Wilson) 在 1908 年 (57)、布伦 (Brun) 在 1921-22 年 (10)、沃尔特曼 (Woltman) 在 1923 年 (59) 以及西蒂格 (Sittig) 在 1931 年 (53) 详细回顾了该主题的早期历史。在早期文献中，斯塔尔、皮克（45, 46）和其他人使用“失用症”一词的意义显然与我们现在使用“失认症”一词的含义相同。利普曼（Liepmann）将观念性障碍与意念运动障碍和肢体运动障碍类型分开，这是对有或没有知觉障碍的实际运动障碍程度的第一个明确定义。我们无意在此回顾已经表达的多种观点。关于李普曼最初的分类，他本人最终在 1920 年对实际骚乱进行了详细阐述。
of coordination”(57). This type of disturbance of movement has always been associated with cerebral lesions, usually of such large or diffuse nature that attempts to relate the disorder to damage to a specific area have been fruitless. The descriptive lit-erature relating to various types of apraxia is extensive, and is characterized by a profusion of terminology that was only partly clarified by certain notable studies (27, 28, 42, 46, 53) and particularly those of Liepmann (36–38). The early history of the sub-ject was well reviewed by Wilson in 1908 (57), and since that time by Brun in 1921–22 (10), by Woltman in 1923 (59), and by Sittig in 1931 (53). The monographs of Nielsen (44), Poetzl (48) and Critchley (11) have covered more recent aspects. In the early literature it is apparent that the term apraxia was used by Starr, Pick (45, 46) and others in the sense that we now use the term agnosia. Liepmann's (36–38) separation of ideational from ideo-kinetic and limb-kinetic types of disorder was the first clear definition of degrees of apractic disorder of movement with and without dis-turbance of perception. It is not our intention to review here the many shades of opinion that have been expressed regarding Liepmann's original classification. In 1920 he himself finally elaborated a regional grouping into apractic disturbances of the