River sensitivity: a lost foundation concept in fluvial geomorphology
River sensitivity: a lost foundation concept in fluvial geomorphology
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.3940
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fryirs, Kirstie A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fryirs, Kirstie A.
在21世纪，河流地貌学家非常适合将他们的科学应用于实际，并为人们关注的环境问题提供指导。了解洪水和干旱、土地利用和气候变化、水资源利用等对河流形态、过程和演变的影响，需要我们了解水、沉积物和植被之间的相互作用，以及气候和人为影响如何塑造这些相互作用。更常见的是，河流地貌学家被要求为一系列河流问题提供答案，对未来系统可能如何调整做出预测，并与管理者一起在实地实施战略。对一些人来说，河流地貌学领域对这项任务准备不足，因为景观形态、过程和演化的几个原则尚未得到充分探索。然而，另一些人则认为地貌学家有一套可供使用的原则和工具，并且有足够的知识来对未来河流的调整做出一定程度的预测。近年来，有一个概念被遗忘了，但它应该是此类分析的核心，那就是河流的敏感性。在本文中，我借鉴基础文献回顾了河流敏感性的概念。我提供了一些例子来证明这个概念如何被重塑并用于地形、河段和流域尺度的分析。在地形尺度上，形态敏感性是纹理和几何敏感性的函数。在可及范围内，分析考虑固有的行为和变化敏感性。在流域尺度上，河流的响应和恢复是位置、传输和过滤敏感性的函数。然后，我将讨论如何使用一些时间概念来考虑灵敏度本身如何随时间调整。最后，我讨论了未来对河流敏感性分析的挑战，并考虑了如何利用它来改进用于河流管理的地貌预测。版权所有：John Wiley & Sons， Ltd。
In the twenty-first century, fluvial geomorphologists are ideally placed to use their science in an applied manner, and provide guidance on environmental issues of concern. Understanding the impact of floods and droughts, land use and climate change, water use, etc. on river forms, processes and evolution requires that we understand interactions between water, sediment and vegetation, and how climate and anthropogenic impacts shape those interactions. More frequently, fluvial geomorphologists are asked to provide answers to a range of river issues, make forecasts about how systems might adjust in the future, and work with managers to implement strategies on-the-ground. To some, the field of fluvial geomorphology is underprepared for this task as several principles of landscape form, process and evolution are yet to be fully explored. Others however, see that geomorphologists have a suite of principles and tools at their disposal, and sufficient understanding to make forecasts about future river adjustments with some level of confidence. One concept that has been lost in recent years, but should lie at the heart of such analyses is that of river sensitivity. In this paper I draw on foundation literature to review the concept of river sensitivity. I provide examples that demonstrate how this concept could be reshaped and used for analyses at landform, reach and catchment scales. At the landform scale, morphological sensitivity is a function of textural and geometric sensitivity. At the reach scale, analyses consider inherent behavioural and change sensitivity. At the catchment scale river response and recovery are a function of locational, transmission and filter sensitivity. I then discuss how some temporal concepts can be used to consider how sensitivity in itself adjusts over time. Finally, I discuss future challenges for analysis of river sensitivity and consider how it could be used to improve geomorphological forecasting for use in river management. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.