Cyclic AMP is both a pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic second messenger.

Cyclic AMP is both a pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic second messenger.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1748-1716.2011.02273.x
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发表时间:
2012-02
期刊:
Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Zambon AC
Zambon AC
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Insel PA;Zhang L;Murray F;Yokouchi H;Zambon AC

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第二信使环腺苷酸(cAMP)可以刺激或抑制程序性细胞死亡(凋亡)。在这里,我们审查的细胞类型,显示促凋亡或抗凋亡反应的cAMP增加的例子。我们还表明,细胞可以同时具有这两种反应,尽管主要是一种或另一种。蛋白激酶A(PKA)促进的磷酸化和基因表达的变化可以介导促凋亡反应,例如在鼠S49淋巴瘤细胞中,基于缺乏PKA的突变体不能经历cAMP促进的、依赖于cAMP的细胞凋亡的证据。对cAMP的抗凋亡反应的机制可能涉及Epac(cAMP激活的交换蛋白),一种cAMP调节的效应物,是低分子量G蛋白Rap1的鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子(GEF)。激活PKA介导的促凋亡或阻断Epac介导的抗凋亡的治疗方法可以提供增强细胞杀伤的手段,例如在某些癌症中。相比之下,阻断PKA或刺激Epac的努力有可能在与cAMP促进的细胞凋亡相关的疾病环境(如心力衰竭)中有用。
The second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) can either stimulate or inhibit programmed cell death (apoptosis). Here, we review examples of cell types that show pro-apoptotic or anti-apoptotic responses to increases in cAMP. We also show that cells can have both such responses, although predominantly having one or the other. Protein kinase A (PKA)-promoted changes in phosphoylation and gene expression can mediate pro-apoptotic responses, such as in murine S49 lymphoma cells, based on evidence that mutants lacking PKA fail to undergo cAMP-promoted, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Mechanisms for the anti-apoptotic response to cAMP likely involve Epac (Exchange protein activated by cAMP), a cAMP-regulated effector that is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the low molecular weight G-protein, Rap1. Therapeutic approaches that activate PKA-mediated pro-apoptosis or that block Epac-mediated anti-apoptotisis may provide a means to enhance cell killing, such as in certain cancers. By contrast, efforts to block PKA or stimulate Epac have the potential to be useful in diseases settings (such as heart failure) associated with cAMP-promoted apoptosis.
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