On the localization of complex sounds: temporal encoding based on input-slope coincidence detection of envelopes.
On the localization of complex sounds: temporal encoding based on input-slope coincidence detection of envelopes.
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关于复杂声音的定位：基于包络输入斜率重合检测的时间编码。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00044.2013
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rinzel,John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gai,Yan;Kotak,VibhakarC;Sanes,DanH;Rinzel,John
行为和神经的研究结果表明，动物可以定位低频声音沿着的方位角检测微秒双耳时间差（ITD）。关于ITD的信息也可以在幅度调制中获得（即，（一）高频声音。由于内侧上级橄榄（MSO）神经元编码低频ITD，我们问他们是否采用类似的机制来处理包络ITD与高频载波，和这种机制的有效性相比，低频声音的过程。我们开发了一种新的混合体外动态钳方法，使我们能够模仿突触输入脑片神经元响应虚拟声音，并创造条件，不能自然实现，但对测试我们的假设是有用的。对于每个模拟耳朵，计算机生成的虚拟声音被用作计算神经元模型的输入。模型尖峰时间转换成突触输入的MSO神经元，ITD调谐曲线推导出几个虚拟的声音条件：低频纯音，高频音调调制的两种类型的包络，和语音序列。计算模型被用来验证的生理结果，并解释所观察到的ITD编码的生物物理机制。录音和模拟表明，MSO神经元是敏感的ITDs进行spectrotemporally复杂的虚拟声音，包括语音令牌。我们的研究结果强烈表明，MSO神经元可以使用基于输入斜率的巧合检测机制在宽频谱上编码ITD。我们的数据还提供了一个解释，在细胞水平上的人类定位性能，涉及高频声音由以前的研究人员描述。
Behavioral and neural findings demonstrate that animals can locate low-frequency sounds along the azimuth by detecting microsecond interaural time differences (ITDs). Information about ITDs is also available in the amplitude modulations (i.e., envelope) of high-frequency sounds. Since medial superior olivary (MSO) neurons encode low-frequency ITDs, we asked whether they employ a similar mechanism to process envelope ITDs with high-frequency carriers, and the effectiveness of this mechanism compared with the process of low-frequency sound. We developed a novel hybrid in vitro dynamic-clamp approach, which enabled us to mimic synaptic input to brain-slice neurons in response to virtual sound and to create conditions that cannot be achieved naturally but are useful for testing our hypotheses. For each simulated ear, a virtual sound, computer generated, was used as input to a computational auditory-nerve model. Model spike times were converted into synaptic input for MSO neurons, and ITD tuning curves were derived for several virtual-sound conditions: low-frequency pure tones, high-frequency tones modulated with two types of envelope, and speech sequences. Computational models were used to verify the physiological findings and explain the biophysical mechanism underlying the observed ITD coding. Both recordings and simulations indicate that MSO neurons are sensitive to ITDs carried by spectrotemporally complex virtual sounds, including speech tokens. Our findings strongly suggest that MSO neurons can encode ITDs across a broad-frequency spectrum using an input-slope-based coincidence-detection mechanism. Our data also provide an explanation at the cellular level for human localization performance involving high-frequency sound described by previous investigators.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
D. Rowan;M. Lutman
通讯作者：
M. Lutman
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1960
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
N. V. Franssen
通讯作者：
N. V. Franssen
高频正弦调幅音调和高频转置音调传达的耳间时间差异的辨别：频谱侧翼噪声的影响。
DOI：
10.1121/1.2980523
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bernstein,LeslieR;Trahiotis,Constantine
通讯作者：
Trahiotis,Constantine
人类对高频和低频的耳间时间差的辨别具有相似的学习模式和表现变异性。
DOI：
10.1121/1.2434758
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Yuxuan Zhang;B. Wright
通讯作者：
B. Wright
纯音的本地化。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1934
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
S. S. Stevens;E. B. Newman
通讯作者：
E. B. Newman