Auditory pathways: anatomy and physiology.
Auditory pathways: anatomy and physiology.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-62630-1.00001-9
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pickles, James O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pickles, James O
本章概述了听觉通路的解剖学和生理学。在简要分析了外耳、中耳和耳蜗后，描述了听神经纤维的反应。对中枢神经系统进行了更详细的分析。提供了一种方案来帮助理解贯穿脑干的复杂和多个听觉通路。多个路径是基于在提取听觉输入中的复杂频谱模式的同时保持准确定时的需要。听神经纤维分为腹侧声音定位流和背侧主要模式识别流两条通路，支配耳蜗核的不同分支。这两个流的输出及其两种类型的分析，在下丘和下丘中逐渐结合，以产生在外部世界中可以被称为“听觉对象”的表示。描述了从耳蜗核到听觉皮质不同层次的听觉刺激中关键特征的渐进提取方法。此外，还描述了从耳蜗皮层到耳蜗柯蒂器的多阶段听觉离心系统。
This chapter outlines the anatomy and physiology of the auditory pathways. After a brief analysis of the external, middle ears, and cochlea, the responses of auditory nerve fibers are described. The central nervous system is analyzed in more detail. A scheme is provided to help understand the complex and multiple auditory pathways running through the brainstem. The multiple pathways are based on the need to preserve accurate timing while extracting complex spectral patterns in the auditory input. The auditory nerve fibers branch to give two pathways, a ventral sound-localizing stream, and a dorsal mainly pattern recognition stream, which innervate the different divisions of the cochlear nucleus. The outputs of the two streams, with their two types of analysis, are progressively combined in the inferior colliculus and onwards, to produce the representation of what can be called the "auditory objects" in the external world. The progressive extraction of critical features in the auditory stimulus in the different levels of the central auditory system, from cochlear nucleus to auditory cortex, is described. In addition, the auditory centrifugal system, running from cortex in multiple stages to the organ of Corti of the cochlea, is described.