Location, but not defensive genotype, determines ectomycorrhizal community composition in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings.
Location, but not defensive genotype, determines ectomycorrhizal community composition in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.7384
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Ennos R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Downie J;Taylor AFS;Iason G;Moore B;Silvertown J;Cavers S;Ennos R
为了成功地定殖宿主根，外生菌根（EM）真菌必须克服宿主防御系统，防御表型以前已被证明会影响与宿主相关的EM真菌的群落组成。次级代谢产物，如萜烯，形成这些防御系统的核心部分，但目前还不清楚这些组成性防御的变化是否会导致特定真菌物种在宿主定殖中的变化。我们种植幼苗从12个母系家庭的苏格兰松（樟子松）的已知萜烯基因型在外地在每个六个网站。3个月后，我们采用形态分类和分子条形码相结合的方法对每株幼苗的菌根真菌群落进行了表征，并评估了幼苗子集的萜烯化学多样性。我们研究了亲本基因型或萜烯化学多样性是否影响幼苗的菌根群落的多样性或组成。虽然我们发现，萜烯化学多样性是高度遗传的，我们没有发现任何证据表明，父母的防御基因型或幼苗的萜烯化学多样性影响协会与EM真菌。相反，我们发现，幼苗的位置，无论是在网站内和网站之间，是唯一的决定因素的多样性和化妆EM社区。这些结果表明，虽然EM社区组成在苏格兰在大，小规模的变化，组成防御化合物的变化并不确定密切共生的松树幼苗的EM社区。EM真菌在小尺度上的斑块状分布可能使与不同物种的关联中的任何遗传变异在田间条件下不可实现。因此，至少在幼苗中，选择介导与特定真菌物种相关的性状的情况可能被夸大了。宿主防御基因型以前已被证明影响协会与外生菌根（EM）真菌，但在何种程度上次级代谢产物，如萜烯影响这些协会是未知的。我们进行了一个相互移植领域的实验，以测试不同的萜烯基因型对EM群落组成的个别幼苗的影响，发现只有一个幼苗的位置影响社区组成。在小尺度上影响EM群落组成的其他过程，如环境偏好和种间相互作用，可能因此排除了在野生条件下基因型的任何影响的表达。
For successful colonization of host roots, ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi must overcome host defense systems, and defensive phenotypes have previously been shown to affect the community composition of EM fungi associated with hosts. Secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, form a core part of these defense systems, but it is not yet understood whether variation in these constitutive defenses can result in variation in the colonization of hosts by specific fungal species. We planted seedlings from twelve maternal families of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) of known terpene genotype reciprocally in the field in each of six sites. After 3 months, we characterized the mycorrhizal fungal community of each seedling using a combination of morphological categorization and molecular barcoding, and assessed the terpene chemodiversity for a subset of the seedlings. We examined whether parental genotype or terpene chemodiversity affected the diversity or composition of a seedling's mycorrhizal community. While we found that terpene chemodiversity was highly heritable, we found no evidence that parental defensive genotype or a seedling's terpene chemodiversity affected associations with EM fungi. Instead, we found that the location of seedlings, both within and among sites, was the only determinant of the diversity and makeup of EM communities. These results show that while EM community composition varies within Scotland at both large and small scales, variation in constitutive defensive compounds does not determine the EM communities of closely cohabiting pine seedlings. Patchy distributions of EM fungi at small scales may render any genetic variation in associations with different species unrealizable in field conditions. The case for selection on traits mediating associations with specific fungal species may thus be overstated, at least in seedlings. Host defense genotype has previously been shown to affect associations with ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, but the extent to which secondary metabolites such as terpenes affect these associations is unknown. We conducted a reciprocal transplant field experiment to test the effect of varying terpene genotype on the EM community composition of individual seedlings and found that the only the location of a seedling affects community composition. Other processes affecting EM community composition at small scales, such as environmental preference and interspecific interactions, may thus preclude the expression of any effect of genotype in wild conditions.
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影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Bever, James D.
通讯作者：
Bever, James D.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Bubner, Ben;Fladung, Matthias;Huettl, Reinhard F.
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