Mild mental retardation: psychosocial functioning in adulthood
Mild mental retardation: psychosocial functioning in adulthood
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291798008058
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发表时间：
1999-03-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Pickles, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maughan, B;Collishaw, S;Pickles, A
背景资料。关于轻度精神发育迟滞(MMR)个体成人适应的证据很少，对MMR样本中与成功和不成功功能相关的因素的了解也更加有限。来自国家儿童发展研究的前瞻性数据被用来检查患有MMR的个体和非智力迟缓对照组成年后的社会环境和心理社会功能。对于许多患有MMR的人来说，成年后的生活环境和社会条件很差，潜在的压力源很高。成年期心理困扰的自我报告显著增加，但在儿童期和成年期之间，精神科服务的相对使用率下降，这反映在归因风险中。在MMR和非智障样本在一系列成人结果上的差异中，童年、家庭和社会方面的不利因素约占20%-30%。早期的社会逆境在MMR样本中的功能变化中也起到了重要作用。MMR似乎与许多人的实质性持续性损害有关。
Background. Evidence on the adult adaptation of individuals with mild mental retardation (MMR) is sparse, and knowledge of the factors associated with more and less successful functioning in MMR samples yet more limited.Method. Prospective data from the National Child Development Study were used to examine social circumstances and psychosocial functioning in adulthood in individuals with MMR and in a nonretarded comparison group.Results. For many individuals with MMR, living circumstances and social conditions in adulthood were poor and potential stressors high. Self-reports of psychological distress in adulthood were markedly elevated, but relative rates of psychiatric service use fell between childhood and adulthood, as reflected in attributable risks. Childhood family and social disadvantage accounted for some 20-30% of variations between MMR and non-retarded samples on a range of adult outcomes. Early social adversity also played a significant role in contributing to variations in functioning within the MMR sample.Conclusions. MMR appears to be associated with substantial continuing impairment for many individuals.