Surface engineering of liposomes for stealth behavior.
Surface engineering of liposomes for stealth behavior.
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DOI：
10.3390/pharmaceutics5040542
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发表时间：
2013-10-25
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Awasthi V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nag OK;Awasthi V
脂质体用作药物分子和成像剂的递送载体。其生物医学应用的主要动力来自于延长给药后循环半衰期的能力。传统的脂质体很容易被单核吞噬细胞系统识别，并迅速从血流中清除。用亲水性聚合物修饰脂质体表面，通过赋予它们隐形特性来延迟消除过程。近年来，用于脂质体和其他纳米材料的表面工程的各种材料的开发取得了显著进展。聚（乙二醇）连接的磷脂（PEG-PLs）是这类材料的最佳代表。虽然PEG-PL已经为配方科学家提供了令人惊讶的服务，但更仔细的审查发现了一些缺点，特别是与免疫原性和药物特性（载药量，靶向等）有关。的PEG。另一方面，研究人员也开始质疑PEG-PL中磷脂部分的生物学行为。因此，正在开发由非磷脂和PEG替代物组成的隐形脂质聚合物。这些新型脂质聚合物提供了结构多样性、减少的补体激活、更大的稳定性、灵活的处理和储存程序以及低成本的潜在优点。在这篇文章中，我们审查的材料可作为替代品的PEG和PEG-脂质体聚合物有效的脂质体表面改性。
Liposomes are used as a delivery vehicle for drug molecules and imaging agents. The major impetus in their biomedical applications comes from the ability to prolong their circulation half-life after administration. Conventional liposomes are easily recognized by the mononuclear phagocyte system and are rapidly cleared from the blood stream. Modification of the liposomal surface with hydrophilic polymers delays the elimination process by endowing them with stealth properties. In recent times, the development of various materials for surface engineering of liposomes and other nanomaterials has made remarkable progress. Poly(ethylene glycol)-linked phospholipids (PEG-PLs) are the best representatives of such materials. Although PEG-PLs have served the formulation scientists amazingly well, closer scrutiny has uncovered a few shortcomings, especially pertaining to immunogenicity and pharmaceutical characteristics (drug loading, targeting, etc.) of PEG. On the other hand, researchers have also begun questioning the biological behavior of the phospholipid portion in PEG-PLs. Consequently, stealth lipopolymers consisting of non-phospholipids and PEG-alternatives are being developed. These novel lipopolymers offer the potential advantages of structural versatility, reduced complement activation, greater stability, flexible handling and storage procedures and low cost. In this article, we review the materials available as alternatives to PEG and PEG-lipopolymers for effective surface modification of liposomes.