Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity.
Embryonic Origins of the Hematopoietic System: Hierarchies and Heterogeneity.
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DOI：
10.1097/hs9.0000000000000737
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Dzierzak, Elaine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vink, Chris S.;Mariani, Samanta A.;Dzierzak, Elaine
我们从当前的医学和血液学教科书中了解到，成人血液系统的分层框架显示了对健康生物体的生长和维持至关重要的分裂和分化细胞的线性分支网络。这种等级制度的观点在过去75年中不断演变。细胞复杂性的惊人增加已经实现;然而，创新的单细胞技术继续揭示动物模型和人类血液系统中的基本细胞类型和功能。造血系统中最强的细胞是造血干细胞。成体组织的干细胞是长寿命的自我更新细胞成分，其确保分化的组织特异性细胞在整个成体寿命中得到维持和替换。虽然许多血液研究都集中在造血组织的稳态，更换和再生在成人生活中，胚胎学研究已经扩大和丰富了我们的理解额外的发展层次和相互作用的细胞，这个维持生命的组织。在这里，我们回顾了目前的知识水平的层次组织和巨大的异质性造血系统从胚胎到成人阶段。
The hierarchical framework of the adult blood system as we know it from current medical and hematology textbooks, displays a linear branching network of dividing and differentiated cells essential for the growth and maintenance of the healthy organism. This view of the hierarchy has evolved over the last 75 years. An amazing increase in cellular complexity has been realized; however, innovative single-cell technologies continue to uncover essential cell types and functions in animal models and the human blood system. The most potent cell of the hematopoietic hierarchy is the hematopoietic stem cell. Stem cells for adult tissues are the long-lived self-renewing cellular component, which ensure that differentiated tissue-specific cells are maintained and replaced through the entire adult lifespan. Although much blood research is focused on hematopoietic tissue homeostasis, replacement and regeneration during adult life, embryological studies have widened and enriched our understanding of additional developmental hierarchies and interacting cells of this life-sustaining tissue. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of the hierarchical organization and the vast heterogeneity of the hematopoietic system from embryonic to adult stages.