Economic regulatory reforms in Switzerland: adjustment without European integration, or how rigidities become flexible
Economic regulatory reforms in Switzerland: adjustment without European integration, or how rigidities become flexible
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瑞士的经济监管改革：没有欧洲一体化的调整，或者僵化如何变得灵活
DOI：
10.1080/1350176032000059053
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Y. Papadopoulos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
André Mach;Silja Häusermann;Y. Papadopoulos
在1990年代，尽管瑞士不是欧盟成员国，尽管存在许多否决点，但瑞士对国家间和超国家的法规，特别是经济法规改革领域的法规，进行了出乎意料的高度调整。本文通过竞争政策的改革、电信部门的自由化和公共采购政策的改革这三个主要案例来解释这种高调整能力。通过考察国际层面上的变化之间的相互作用，在国内层面上的诱导变化的权力关系和行动者的战略，以及国家的制度约束，我们提供了这些改革过程的实证分析。这篇文章表明，在所有情况下，国内调整在很大程度上都遵循类似的模式：政府和一些行政行为者在制定改革内容和塑造政策过程方面发挥了非常强有力的领导作用。此外，我们还发现了不同寻常的排他性决策过程，在这一过程中，改革的反对者被边缘化了.然而，后来对改革的“失败者”作出了一些战略让步，以克服可能威胁改革成功的任择全民投票的否决点。
During the 1990s, despite not being a member of the EU and despite the existence of numerous veto-points, Switzerland displayed an unexpectedly high degree of adjustment to inter- and supranational regulations, particularly in the field of economic regulatory reforms. The article explains this high capacity of adjustment by focusing on three major cases: the reform of competition policy, the liberalization of the telecom sector and the reforms of the public procurement policy. By examining the interactions between changes at the international level, the induced changing power relations and actor strategies at the domestic level, as well as national institutional constraints, we provide an empirical analysis of these reform processes. The article shows that domestic adjustment followed to a large extent similar patterns in all cases: the government and some administrative actors played an exceptionally strong leading role in formulating the content of the reforms and in shaping the policy processes. Further, we identify unusually exclusive decision- making processes, in which the opponents to the reforms were marginalized. Nevertheless, some strategic concessions were thereafter made to the "losers' of the reforms, in order to overcome the veto-point of the optional referendum which might have threatened their success.