Spatio temporal characteristics of muscle patterns for ball catching
Spatio temporal characteristics of muscle patterns for ball catching
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DOI：
10.3389/fncom.2013.00107
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发表时间：
2013-08-07
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
d'Avella, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D'Andola, M.;Cesqui, B.;d'Avella, A.
中枢神经系统（CNS）使用哪些信息来源和哪些控制策略来执行需要精确感觉运动协调的动作，例如接住飞来的球，仍然存在争议。在这里，我们分析了 6 名受试者在接住从 6 m 距离正面投射的球并到达两个不同高度和 3 个不同飞行时间（550、650、750 ms）期间记录的 16 个肩部和肘部肌肉的 EMG 波形。我们发现，肌肉模式的很大一部分变化是通过两种时变的肌肉协同作用捕获的，即通过特定的激活波形协调组肌肉的募集，根据球的到达高度和飞行持续时间调整幅度并及时转移。一种协同作用是在启动时间短暂且固定的延迟后招募的。值得注意的是，第二次协同作用是在撞击前的固定时间招募的，这表明这是根据准确的接触时间估计来安排的。这些结果表明，拦截运动的控制依赖于通过时变肌肉协同作用的间歇性募集来结合反应性和预测性过程。然后，关于球上的重力和阻力的动态效应的知识可以隐含地并入视觉信息到少量协同募集参数的直接映射中。
What sources of information and what control strategies the central nervous system (CNS) uses to perform movements that require accurate sensorimotor coordination, such as catching a flying ball, is still debaed. Here we analyzed the EMG waveforms recorded from 16 shoulder and elbow muscles in six subjects during catching of balls projected frontally from a distance of 6 m and arriving at two different heights and with three different flight times (550, 650, 750 ms). We found that a large fraction of the variation in the muscle patterns was captured by two time-varying muscle synergies, coordinated recruitment of groups muscles with specific activation waveforms, modulated in amplitude and shifted in time according to the ball's arrival height and flight duration. One synergy was recruited with a short and fixed delay from launch time. Remarkably, a second synergy was recruited at a fixed time before impact, suggesting that is timed according to an accurate time-to-contact estimation. These results suggests that the control of interceptive movements relies on a combination of reactive and predictive processes through the intermittent recruitment of time-varying muscle synergies. Knowledge of the dynamic effect of gravity and drag on the ball may be then implicitly incorporated in a direct mapping of visual information into a small number of synergy recruitment parameters.