THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FACTS: DARK PARTICIPATION AND KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION IN THE QANON CONSPIRACY
THE CONSTRUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE FACTS: DARK PARTICIPATION AND KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION IN THE QANON CONSPIRACY
复制标题
另类事实的建构：QANON 阴谋中的黑暗参与和知识生产
DOI：
10.5210/spir.v2020i0.11302
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Alice E. Marwick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Partin;Alice E. Marwick
QAnon是一种右翼阴谋论，基于“Q”在图像板8chan上发表的一系列帖子（“Drops”），这是一个匿名发帖者，声称自己是特朗普政府内部人士，并鼓励他们的追随者（“面包师”）进行研究，以解释和发现当前事件背后隐藏的真相（“面包”）。在本文中，我们认为，QAnon贝克通过生产和维护特定的事实和理论，使阴谋的社会和政治凝聚力随着时间的推移，采用了“科学的自我”。我们并不否定Q研究者的结论，而是采用科学研究的对称性原理来考虑烘焙的工具和技术。我们认为，烘烤的制度特征将QAnon与其他在线阴谋社区区分开来，这些社区主要依赖于轶事证据或对科学共识表示怀疑。相比之下，研究的目的是通过系统地构建替代事实来产生确定性。在提出这一论点时，我们分享并建立在其他学者对参与式媒体的批评之上。事实上，我们的结论是，正是社交网络的参与性使QAnon如此强大。
QAnon is a right-wing conspiracy theory based on a series of posts (“Drops”) made to the imageboard 8chan by “Q”, an anonymous poster who claims to be a Trump administration insider and encourages their followers (“Bakers”) to conduct research to interpret and find hidden truths (“Bread”) behind current events. In this paper, we argue that QAnon Bakers adopt a “scientistic self” by producing and maintaining specific facts and theories that enable the conspiracy’s social and political cohesion over time. Rather than dismissing Q researchers’ conclusions out of hand, we adopt science studies’ symmetry principle to consider the tools and techniques of Baking. We argue that the institutional character of Baking distinguishes QAnon from other online conspiracy communities, which primarily rely on anecdotal evidence or sow doubt in scientific consensuses. Q, by contrast, research is intended to produce certainty through the systematic construction of alternative facts. In making this argument, we share and build upon other scholars’ critiques of participatory media. Indeed, we conclude that it is precisely the participatory affordances of the social web that have made QAnon so potent.