Rooting a phylogeny with homologous genes on opposite sex chromosomes (gametologs):: A case study using avian CHD
Rooting a phylogeny with homologous genes on opposite sex chromosomes (gametologs):: A case study using avian CHD
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DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026283
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Mindell, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
García-Moreno, J;Mindell, DP
我们使用术语“配子学”描述了一种以前未被认识到的基因同源性形式，我们将其定义为通过缺乏重组和随后的性染色体分化而产生的同源性。我们证明了使用配子体基因根彼此的性别特异性禽染色体解旋酶DNA结合基因（CHD）序列的系统发育分析。一组neognath鸟序列的系统发育分析产生单系群CHD-W和CHD-Z配子体，以及这两个分支之间的一致关系，它们之间的鸟类分类和当前的观点。系统发育分析（包括古颌鸟类CI-ID序列和鳄鱼CHD序列的根源）表明，古颌CHD在鸟类CHD分支中存在早期分歧。基于我们的CHD分析校准与鸟类化石日期，我们估计CHD-W和CHD-Z之间的分歧在123 MYA，这表明性染色体的早期分化，早于大多数现存的鸟类订单。与男性驱动进化的概念一致，我们发现男性连接的CHD-Z序列的变化速率更快。
We describe a previously unrecognized form of gene homology using the term "gametology," which we define as homology arising through lack of recombination and subsequent differentiation of sex chromosomes. We demonstrate use of gametologous genes to root each other in phylogenetic analyses of sex-specific avian Chromo-helicase-DNA binding gene (CHD) sequences. Phylogenetic analyses of a set of neognath bird sequences yield monophyletic groups for CHD-W and CHD-Z gametologs, as well as congruent relationships between these two clades and between them and current views of avian taxonomy. Phylogenetic analyses including paleognath bird CI-ID sequences and rooting with crocodilian CHD sequences, suggest an early divergence for paleognath CHD within the avian CHD clade. Based on our CHD analyses calibrated with avian fossil dates, we estimate the divergence between CHD-W and CHD-Z at 123 MYA, suggesting an early differentiation of sex chromosomes that predates most extant avian orders. In agreement with the notion of male-driven evolution, we find a faster rate of change in male-linked CHD-Z sequences.