Large Mesoscale Eddies in the Western Arctic Ocean From Satellite Altimetry Measurements
Large Mesoscale Eddies in the Western Arctic Ocean From Satellite Altimetry Measurements
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jc016670
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Manucharyan, G. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubryakov, A. A.;Kozlov, I. E.;Manucharyan, G. E.
北极西部的涡流在跨大陆架和深盆地输送热量、盐和生物地球化学示踪剂方面发挥着重要作用。然而，由于海冰的存在，涡流场特征的区域和时间变化的综合观测很难在远程获得，并且可用的现场观测仍然相对稀疏。尽管如此，随着全球变暖的持续，北冰洋越来越大的区域变得季节性无冰，并且可以通过遥感观测到。在这里，我们使用 1993 年至 2018 年在季节性无冰的西北冰洋上获取的卫星测高数据来探测大型中尺度涡流的特征和热点，并使用独立的光学和红外卫星观测验证其探测方法。高度测量在 7 月至 10 月期间最为频繁，揭示了 2000 多个单独涡流的特征，这些涡流大致均匀地分布在气旋和反气旋之间，半径在 20 至 60 km 之间，特征轨道速度约为 0.05-0.4 m/s。 10 月在波弗特海和 11 月在楚科奇海检测到的涡旋数量最多。波弗特海涡流的年际变化与波弗特环流强度和淡水含量的变化相关。利用区域涡旋统计，我们讨论了阿蒙森湾、麦肯齐河口附近地区、波弗特海西部和楚科奇海等关键观测区域的潜在涡旋形成机制。
Eddies in the Western Arctic play an important role in transporting heat, salt, and biogeochemical tracers across the continental shelf and within the deep basins. However, comprehensive observations of the regional and temporal variability of the eddy field characteristics are difficult to obtain remotely due to the presence of sea ice, and the available in situ observations remain relatively sparse. Nonetheless, with continuing global warming, increasingly large areas of the Arctic Ocean become seasonally ice-free and can be observed with remote sensing. Here, we use satellite altimetry data acquired between 1993 and 2018 over the seasonally ice-free Western Arctic Ocean to detect the signatures and hot spots of large mesoscale eddies, validating their detection method using independent optical and infrared satellite observations. The altimetry measurements were most frequent from July to October, revealing signatures of over 2000 individual eddies that were roughly equally partitioned between cyclones and anticyclones, with radii between 20 and 60 km and characteristic orbital velocities of about 0.05-0.4 m/s. A maximum number of eddies were detected in October in the Beaufort Sea and in November in the Chukchi Sea. The interannual variability of eddies in the Beaufort Sea is correlated with variations of intensity and freshwater content in the Beaufort Gyre. Using the regional eddy statistics, we discuss the potential eddy formation mechanisms over the key regions of their observations in the Amundsen Gulf, the area adjacent to the Mackenzie River mouth, the western part of the Beaufort Sea, and the Chukchi Sea.