Effects of family composition on mortality differentials by sex among children in Matlab
Effects of family composition on mortality differentials by sex among children in Matlab
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Matlab 中家庭构成对儿童性别死亡率差异的影响
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Preston
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Muhuri;S. Preston
使用1981-82年孟加拉国国际腹泻病研究中心（ICDDRB）的Matlab人口监测系统来确定死亡率的性别差异是否随社会经济家庭条件的变化而变化，或者主要的妇幼保健干预措施是否会降低这种影响。据推测，家庭中大量的同性儿童与该性别的儿童死亡率较高有关。社会经济数据来自1982年Matlab普查。建立单变量模型，并使用统计分析系统（SAS）的PROC - ologist程序估计参数。性别差异在6 ~ 6个月时出现。跨年龄区间的观察总数(。5-1和每年到5年)是57937。50%的分娩发生在治疗区。单变量表格的结果表明，有姐姐的女孩在每个年龄段的死亡率都高于没有姐姐或有大儿子的女孩。有两个姐妹并不是更大的劣势，但有混血姐妹确实会增加女孩的死亡率。有哥哥姐姐的男孩也遵循同样的模式，但程度较轻。在所有三个年龄段，女孩的死亡率都是男孩的两倍多。1岁以下的男性死亡率很高。在6个病例中，只有2个在姐姐的基础上有一个哥哥，但有一个以上的哥哥比只有一个哥哥的情况更糟。在多变量分析中，女性死亡的对数概率比男性高。1个姐姐的存在使死亡率显著提高到。558 vs.没有兄弟姐妹（2个姐妹是0.573）。有哥哥的姐妹比没有兄弟姐妹或有哥哥的男孩死亡的概率更高。有姐姐的男孩死亡率较低。社会经济变量和居住变量的加入对家庭构成系数的影响不大。以下群体的儿童死亡率较高：人均居住空间很少的家庭；没有收音机、自行车、手表、被子和台灯或收到汇款的家庭；还有那些母亲未受过教育的家庭。居住在治疗地区大大降低了男女儿童死亡率。受过一些教育的母亲与生活在治疗区域的母亲具有同样的优势。但姐姐的存在是最重要的决定因素。较贫穷家庭的女性死亡率略低。计划生育对出生顺序分布的影响可能会随着时间的推移而累积。主要结论是，女性死亡率高是由于有意识的选择性忽视。
The Matlab Demographic Surveillance System of the International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research Bangladesh (ICDDRB) in 1981-82 was used to determine whether sex differences in mortality varied with socioeconomic family conditions or whether major maternal and child health interventions reduced the effect. It was hypothesized that large numbers of children of the same sex in families will be associated with higher child mortality of that sex. Socioeconomic data were obtained from the 1982 Matlab Census. Univariate models were developed and parameters estimated with the PROC LOGIST procedure of the Statistical Analysis System (SAS). Sex differentials appear at >6 months. The total number of observations pooled across age intervals (.5-1 and annually to 5 years) is 57937. 50% of the births occurred in the treatment area. The results for the univariate tabulations show that girls with surviving older sisters have at every age higher death rates than girls without older siblings or with older sons. Having >2 sisters is not a greater disadvantage but having mixed-sex sibships does increase girls mortality. Boys with older male siblings follow the same pattern but to a lesser extent. Girls mortality is more than double that of boys at all 3 ages. There is a high mortality rate for males up to 1 year. Having an older brother in addition to an older sister increases mortality in only 2 out of 6 cases but having more than 1 older brother is worse than having only 1. In the multivariate analysis the log odds of dying are higher for females by .436 and the presence of 1 older sister raises mortality significantly to .558 vs. no siblings (>2 sisters is .573). The log odds of dying are higher for sisters having older brothers vs. no siblings or boys having older brothers. Boys with older sisters have lower mortality. The addition of socioeconomic and residential variables has little effect on the family composition coefficients. Child mortality is higher among the following groups: families with very little dwelling space per capita; families that do not own a radio bicycle watch quilt and lamp or received remittances; and families with an unschooled mother. Treatment area residence significantly lowers child mortality for both sexes equally. Mothers with some schooling offer the same advantage as living in a treatment area. But the presence of an older sister is the most important determinant. Female mortality is somewhat lower in poorer families. The effects of the family planning program on birth order distributions are likely to accumulate over time. The major conclusion is that high female mortality is due to conscious selective neglect.