Leverage biomaterials to modulate immunity for type 1 diabetes.

Leverage biomaterials to modulate immunity for type 1 diabetes.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2022.997287
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Zhang, Xudong
Zhang, Xudong
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jing, Zhangyan;Li, Yuan;Ma, Yumeng;Zhang, Xiaozhou;Liang, Xin;Zhang, Xudong

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1型糖尿病(T1D)的病因主要是由自身免疫攻击引起的β细胞丢失引起的。关键是自身反应性T细胞直接攻击胰岛β细胞,导致血液中胰岛素缺乏,最终导致高血糖。因此,调节免疫力以保存残余β细胞是治疗新发TlD的理想方式。然而,全身性免疫抑制使患者处于器官损伤、感染甚至癌症的风险中。生物材料可用于实现靶向免疫调节,从而降低免疫抑制剂的毒副作用。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了利用生物材料免疫调节T1D免疫的最新进展。我们研究纳米技术在靶向递送免疫抑制剂、生物大分子以调节β细胞特异性自身反应性T细胞方面的应用。我们还探索了用于开发疫苗的生物材料,并促进免疫抑制细胞恢复胰腺的免疫耐受。
The pathogeny of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is mainly provoked by the β-cell loss due to the autoimmune attack. Critically, autoreactive T cells firsthand attack β-cell in islet, that results in the deficiency of insulin in bloodstream and ultimately leads to hyperglycemia. Hence, modulating immunity to conserve residual β-cell is a desirable way to treat new-onset T1D. However, systemic immunosuppression makes patients at risk of organ damage, infection, even cancers. Biomaterials can be leveraged to achieve targeted immunomodulation, which can reduce the toxic side effects of immunosuppressants. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in harness of biomaterials to immunomodulate immunity for T1D. We investigate nanotechnology in targeting delivery of immunosuppressant, biological macromolecule for β-cell specific autoreactive T cell regulation. We also explore the biomaterials for developing vaccines and facilitate immunosuppressive cells to restore immune tolerance in pancreas.
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