Sex differences in site fidelity and migration of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to the Hawaiian Islands
Sex differences in site fidelity and migration of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) to the Hawaiian Islands
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DOI：
10.1139/z97-822
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Herman, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Craig, AS;Herman, LM
座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）在高纬度夏季觅食地和低纬度冬季繁殖地之间进行大规模的季节性迁徙。为了调查与性别有关的网站保真度夏威夷群岛，北太平洋座头鲸的一个重要的越冬区，224名女性和416名男性在夏威夷从1976年到1991年观察到的基于解剖学的历史。结果表明，平均年数，他们被认为是男性比女性高，一个人被重新分配跨年的概率是男性比女性高，男性比女性被认为是在连续几年。考虑了有利于雄性动物照片采集的潜在偏倚来源，但均未被判定为所得结果的显著贡献者。相反，有人建议，并非所有的女性每年都进行或完成迁移到冬季的理由。由于迁徙和繁殖需要消耗大量的能量，有些雌性可能在高纬度地区越冬，而另一些雌性可能在前往传统上与繁殖有关的地区的途中怀孕，然后在到达冬季终点之前返回觅食地。
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) perform extensive seasonal migrations between high-latitude summer feeding grounds and low-latitude winter reproductive grounds. To investigate gender-related site fidelity to the Hawaiian Islands, an important wintering area for North Pacific humpback whales, photographically based resight histories of 224 females and 416 males observed in Hawai'i from 1976 through 1991 were complied. Results indicated that the mean number of years in which they were seen was higher for males than for females, that the probability of an individual being resighted across years was higher for males than for females, and that more males than females were seen in consecutive years. Potential sources of bias favoring the photographic capture of males were considered, but none were judged to be significant contributors to the results obtained. It was proposed instead that not all females undertake or complete the migration to the winter grounds each year. Because of the high energy costs of migration and reproduction, some females may overwinter in high latitudes, while others may become pregnant en route to the area traditionally associated with breeding and return to the feeding grounds before arriving at the terminal winter destination.