Is hydropower worth it? Exploring amazonian resettlement, human development and environmental costs with the Belo Monte project in Brazil
Is hydropower worth it? Exploring amazonian resettlement, human development and environmental costs with the Belo Monte project in Brazil
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DOI：
10.1016/j.erss.2021.102129
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发表时间：
2021-08
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Adam Mayer;Laura Castro-Diaz;M. Lopez;Guillaume Leturcq;E. Moran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adam Mayer;Laura Castro-Diaz;M. Lopez;Guillaume Leturcq;E. Moran
全球南方国家已转向大规模水电项目，以满足其不断增长的经济的能源需求。大型水电项目对河流生态系统、鱼类生物多样性造成了难以估量的环境破坏，并使全球数百万人流离失所。许多研究记录了这些影响，但我们不知道这些人口是否支持水电的发展。在本文中，我们的目的是了解如何直接的经验，重新安置可能会影响支持或反对水电开发考虑能源正义，特别是恢复性和程序性的原则，作为一个激励框架。我们的研究是基于社会调查数据，从人口重新安置在巴西亚马逊河流域的贝洛蒙特大坝建设。部分比例优势模型的结果表明，微弱的多数认为水电是值得的成本，但即使是这种支持下降的影响增加。这些人持有微妙的观点，对大坝并不一致持否定态度，他们对大坝的负面结果感到遗憾，但相信政府的说法，即国家的能源需求可能要求他们为更大的利益做出牺牲。对于受贝洛蒙特影响不同的社区，对水电和能源不公正的支持可能会有很大差异。
Nations in the Global South have turned to massive hydropower projects to provide for the energy needs of their growing economies. Large-scale hydropower projects cause untold environmental damage to river ecosystems, to fish biodiversity, and displace millions of people globally. Much research documents these impacts, yet we do not know if these populations support the development of hydropower. In this paper, we aim to understand how direct experiences with resettlement might influence the support or opposition to hydropower development considering energy justice, particularly the restorative and procedural tenets, as a motivating framework. Our research is based on social survey data from a population resettled during the construction of the Belo Monte dam in the Brazillian Amazon. Results from partial proportional odds models suggest that a slim majority feel that hydropower is worth the cost, yet even this support declines as perceived impacts increase. These populations hold nuanced views and are not uniformly negative about dams, regretting the negative outcomes for them but believing the government discourse that the energy needs of the country may require them to sacrifice for the larger good. Support for hydropower as well as energy injustices might vary considerably across communities that are impacted differentially by Belo Monte.