Combining DNA barcoding and morphological analysis to identify specialist floral parasites (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Momphinae: Mompha)
Combining DNA barcoding and morphological analysis to identify specialist floral parasites (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Momphinae: Mompha)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02647.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Eckert, Christopher G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emery, Virginia J.;Landry, Jean-Francois;Eckert, Christopher G.
昆虫和植物之间的密切互动在这两个不同的有机体群体的进化中发挥了重要作用。然而，研究这些相互作用可能很困难，因为许多昆虫，特别是寄生虫，在幼虫阶段对植物的侵袭最强烈，因为它们在形态上很难识别，而且许多昆虫属于不同的类群，大多数物种仍未被描述。我们使用DNA条形码来鉴定定期寄生在沿海沙丘特有的茶树花蕾上的非描述性鳞翅目幼虫。我们从寄主地理范围内的201份寄生虫标本中获得了细胞色素氧化酶1线粒体DNA序列。结合贝叶斯分析的生命条形码数据库识别系统将所有15种寄生虫单倍型归入了Mompha属(鳞翅目：鞘翅目：Momphinae)的一个独特的单系支系中，Mompha属是已知的Onagraceae植物寄主专家。由于这种不同且鲜为人知的蛾类群中几乎没有条形码序列，因此无法确认Mompha中的物种身份和系统发育亲缘关系。然而，形态分析，包括对23个饲养的成虫的生殖器的详细解剖，以及与已知的Mompha种的比较，也表明寄生棉铃虫的幼虫构成了该属中一个独特的未描述的种。了解菊花寄生涉及一个假定寄主专一性的小鳞翅目昆虫，极大地促进了关于花寄生如何促进该物种内显著的花多样性进化的假说的形成和检验。更广泛地说，DNA条形码与形态分析相结合，可以极大地加速识别有问题的标本，并增强我们对植物-昆虫相互作用的多样性、生态学和进化的理解。
Close interactions between insects and plants have played a major role in the evolution of both these diverse groups of organisms. Studying these interactions, however, can be difficult because many insects, especially parasites, impinge most strongly on plants during larval stages when they are morphologically difficult to identify, and many belong to diverse groups for which most species remain undescribed. We used DNA barcoding to identify nondescript lepidopteran larvae that regularly parasitize flower buds of the coastal dune endemic Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia (Onagraceae). We obtained cytochrome oxidase 1 mitochondrial DNA sequences from 201 parasite specimens from across the host geographical range. The Barcode of Life Database Identification System combined with Bayesian analysis grouped all 15 parasite haplotypes in a distinct, monophyletic clade within the genus Mompha (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Momphinae), a group known to be host specialists on plants of the Onagraceae. Species identity and phylogenetic affinities within Mompha could not be confirmed because few barcode sequences exist from this diverse and poorly known group of moths. However, morphological analysis, including detailed dissection of genitalia for a subsample of 23 reared adults and comparison with known species of Mompha, also indicated that the larvae parasitizing C. cheiranthifolia constitute a distinct and undescribed species within this genus. Knowing that floral parasitism of C. cheiranthifolia involves a single, putatively host-specific microlepidopteran greatly facilitates formulating and testing hypotheses concerning how floral parasitism has promoted the evolution of striking floral diversity within this species. More generally, DNA barcoding combined with morphological analysis can greatly hasten identification of problematic specimens and enhance our understanding of the diversity, ecology and evolution of plant-insect interactions.